EC-COUNCIL Cyber Technician (CCT) 212-82 Questions & Answers

• Question 1:

  Tenda, a network specialist at an organization, was examining logged data using Windows Event Viewer to identify attempted or successful unauthorized activities. The logs analyzed by Tenda include events related to Windows security; specifically, log-on/log-off activities, resource access, and also information based on Windows system's audit policies.

  Identify the type of event logs analyzed by Tenda in the above scenario.

  A. Application event log

  B. Setup event log

  C. Security event log

  D. System event log

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Security event log is the type of event log analyzed by Tenda in the above scenario. Windows Event Viewer is a tool that displays logged data about various events that occur on a Windows system or network. Windows Event Viewer categorizes event logs into different types based on their source and purpose. Security event log is the type of event log that records events related to Windows security; specifically, log-on/log-off activities, resource access, and also information based on Windows system's audit policies . Security event log can help identify attempted or successful unauthorized activities on a Windows system or network. Application event log is the type of event log that records events related to applications running on a Windows system, such as errors, warnings, or information messages. Setup event log is the type of event log that records events related to the installation or removal of software or hardware components on a Windows system. System event log is the type of event log that records events related to the operation of a Windows system or its components, such as drivers, services, processes, etc.

• Question 2:

  An IoT device that has been placed in a hospital for safety measures, it has sent an alert command to the server. The network traffic has been captured and stored in the Documents folder of the Attacker Machine-1. Analyze the loTdeviceTraffic.pcapng file and select the appropriate command that was sent by the IoT device over the network.

  A. Tempe_Low

  B. Low_Tempe

  C. Temp_High

  D. High_Tempe

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Temp_High is the command that was sent by the IoT device over the network in the above scenario. An IoT (Internet of Things) device is a device that can connect to the internet and communicate with other devices or systems

  over a network. An IoT device can send or receive commands or data for various purposes, such as monitoring, controlling, or automating processes. To analyze the IoT device traffic file and determine the command that was sent by the IoT

  device over the network, one has to follow these steps:

  Navigate to the Documents folder of Attacker-1 machine. Double-click on loTdeviceTraffic.pcapng file to open it with Wireshark. Click on Analyze menu and select Display Filters option. Enter udp.port == 5000 as filter expression and click on

  Apply button.

  Observe the packets filtered by the expression.

  Click on packet number 4 and expand User Datagram Protocol section in packet details pane.

  Observe the data field under User Datagram Protocol section. The data field under User Datagram Protocol section is 54:65:6d:70:5f:48:69:67:68 , which is hexadecimal representation of Temp_High , which is the command that was sent by

  the IoT device over the network.

• Question 3:

  Grace, an online shopping freak, has purchased a smart TV using her debit card. During online payment, Grace's browser redirected her from ecommerce website to a third-party payment gateway, where she provided her debit card details and OTP received on her registered mobile phone. After completing the transaction, Grace navigated to her online bank account and verified the current balance in her savings account.

  Identify the state of data when it is being processed between the ecommerce website and the payment gateway in the above scenario.

  A. Data at rest

  B. Data in inactive

  C. Data in transit

  D. Data in use

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Data in transit is the state of data when it is being processed between the ecommerce website and the payment gateway in the above scenario. Data in transit is data that is moving from one location to another over a network, such as the internet, a LAN, or a WAN. Data in transit can be vulnerable to interception, modification, or theft by unauthorized parties, so it needs to be protected by encryption, authentication, and other security measures . Data at rest is data that is stored on a device or a media, such as a hard drive, a flash drive, or a cloud storage. Data in active is data that is currently being accessed or modified by an application or a user. Data in use is data that is loaded into the memory of a device or a system for processing or computation.

• Question 4:

  Calvin spotted blazing flames originating from a physical file storage location in his organization because of a Short circuit. In response to the incident, he used a fire suppression system that helped curb the incident in the initial stage and prevented it from spreading over a large area. Which of the following firefighting systems did Calvin use in this scenario?

  A. Fire detection system

  B. Sprinkler system

  C. Smoke detectors

  D. Fire extinguisher

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Fire extinguisher is the firefighting system that Calvin used in this scenario. A firefighting system is a system that detects and suppresses fire in a physical location or environment. A firefighting system can consist of various components, such as sensors, alarms, sprinklers, extinguishers, etc. A firefighting system can use various agents or substances to suppress fire, such as water, foam, gas, powder, etc. A fire extinguisher is a portable device that contains an agent or substance that can be sprayed or discharged onto a fire to extinguish it . A fire extinguisher can be used to curb fire in the initial stage and prevent it from spreading over a large area . In the scenario, Calvin spotted blazing flames originating from a physical file storage location in his organization because of a short circuit. In response to the incident, he used a fire suppression system that helped curb the incident in the initial stage and prevented it from spreading over a large area. This means that he used a fire extinguisher for this purpose. A fire detection system is a system that detects the presence of fire by sensing its characteristics, such as smoke, heat, flame, etc., and alerts the occupants or authorities about it . A sprinkler system is a system that consists of pipes and sprinkler heads that release water onto a fire when activated by heat or smoke. A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke and emits an audible or visual signal to warn about fire.

• Question 5:

  Sam, a software engineer, visited an organization to give a demonstration on a software tool that helps in business development. The administrator at the organization created a least privileged account on a system and allocated that system to Sam for the demonstration. Using this account, Sam can only access the files that are required for the demonstration and cannot open any other file in the system.

  Which of the following types of accounts the organization has given to Sam in the above scenario?

  A. Service account

  B. Guest account

  C. User account

  D. Administrator account

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: The correct answer is B, as it identifies the type of account that the organization has given to Sam in the above scenario. A guest account is a type of account that allows temporary or limited access to a system or network for visitors or users who do not belong to the organization. A guest account typically has minimal privileges and permissions and can only access certain files or applications. In the above scenario, the organization has given Sam a guest account for the demonstration. Using this account, Sam can only access the files that are required for the demonstration and cannot open any other file in the system. Option A is incorrect, as it does not identify the type of account that the organization has given to Sam in the above scenario. A service account is a type of account that allows applications or services to run on a system or network under a specific identity. A service account typically has high privileges and permissions and can access various files or applications. In the above scenario, the organization has not given Sam a service account for the demonstration. Option C is incorrect, as it does not identify the type of account that the organization has given to Sam in the above scenario. A user account is a type of account that allows regular access to a system or network for employees or members of an organization. A user account typically has moderate privileges and permissions and can access various files or applications depending on their role. In the above scenario, the organization has not given Sam a user account for the demonstration. Option D is incorrect, as it does not identify the type of account that the organization has given to Sam in the above scenario. An administrator account is a type of account that allows full access to a system or network for administrators or managers of an organization. An administrator account typically has the highest privileges and permissions and can access and modify any files or applications. In the above scenario, the organization has not given Sam an administrator account for the demonstration. References: , Section 4.1

• Question 6:

  Kason, a forensic officer, was appointed to investigate a case where a threat actor has bullied certain children online. Before proceeding legally with the case, Kason has documented all the supporting documents, including source of the evidence and its relevance to the case, before presenting it in front of the jury.

  Which of the following rules of evidence was discussed in the above scenario?

  A. Authentic

  B. Understandable

  C. Reliable

  D. Admissible

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Admissible is the rule of evidence discussed in the above scenario. A rule of evidence is a criterion or principle that determines whether a piece of evidence can be used in a legal proceeding or investigation. Admissible is a rule of evidence that states that the evidence must be relevant, reliable, authentic, and understandable to be accepted by a court or a jury . Admissible also means that the evidence must be obtained legally and ethically, without violating any laws or rights. In the scenario, Kason has documented all the supporting documents, including source of the evidence and its relevance to the case, before presenting it in front of the jury, which means that he has followed the admissible rule of evidence. Authentic is a rule of evidence that states that the evidence must be original or verifiable as genuine and not altered or tampered with. Understandable is a rule of evidence that states that the evidence must be clear and comprehensible to the court or jury and not ambiguous or confusing. Reliable is a rule of evidence that states that the evidence must be consistent and trustworthy and not based on hearsay or speculation.

• Question 7:

  Rhett, a security professional at an organization, was instructed to deploy an IDS solution on their corporate network to defend against evolving threats. For this purpose, Rhett selected an IDS solution that first creates models for possible intrusions and then compares these models with incoming events to make detection decisions.

  Identify the detection method employed by the IDS solution in the above scenario.

  A. Not-use detection

  B. Protocol anomaly detection

  C. Anomaly detection

  D. Signature recognition

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Anomaly detection is a type of IDS detection method that involves first creating models for possible intrusions and then comparing these models with incoming events to make a detection decision. It can detect unknown or zero-day attacks by looking for deviations from normal or expected behavior

• Question 8:

  in a security incident, the forensic investigation has isolated a suspicious file named "security_update.exe". You are asked to analyze the file in the Documents folder of the "Attacker Machine-1" to determine whether it is malicious. Analyze the suspicious file and identify the malware signature.

  A. Stuxnet

  B. KLEZ

  C. ZEUS

  D. Conficker

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Stuxnet is the malware signature of the suspicious file in the above scenario. Malware is malicious software that can harm or compromise the security or functionality of a system or network. Malware can include various types, such as viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, etc. Malware signature is a unique pattern or characteristic that identifies a specific malware or malware family. Malware signature can be used to detect or analyze malware by comparing it with known malware signatures in databases or repositories. To analyze the suspicious file and identify the malware signature, one has to follow these steps: Navigate to Documents folder of Attacker Machine-1. Right-click on security_update.exe file and select Scan with VirusTotal option. Wait for VirusTotal to scan the file and display the results. Observe the detection ratio and details. The detection ratio is 59/70, which means that 59 out of 70 antivirus engines detected the file as malicious. The details show that most antivirus engines detected the file as Stuxnet, which is a malware signature of a worm that targets industrial control systems (ICS). Stuxnet can be used to sabotage or damage ICS by modifying their code or behavior. Therefore, Stuxnet is the malware signature of the suspicious file. KLEZ is a malware signature of a worm that spreads via email and network shares. KLEZ can be used to infect or overwrite files, disable antivirus software, or display fake messages. ZEUS is a malware signature of a trojan that targets banking and financial systems. ZEUS can be used to steal or modify banking credentials, perform fraudulent transactions, or install other malware. Conficker is a malware signature of a worm that exploits a vulnerability in Windows operating systems. Conficker can be used to create a botnet, disable security services, or download other malware

• Question 9:

  Anderson, a security engineer, was Instructed to monitor all incoming and outgoing traffic on the organization's network to identify any suspicious traffic. For this purpose, he employed an analysis technique using which he analyzed packet header fields such as IP options, IP protocols, IP fragmentation flags, offset, and identification to check whether any fields are altered in transit.

  Identify the type of attack signature analysis performed by Anderson in the above scenario.

  A. Context-based signature analysis

  B. Atomic-signature-based analysis

  C. Composite-signature-based analysis

  D. Content-based signature analysis

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Content-based signature analysis is the type of attack signature analysis performed by Anderson in the above scenario. Content-based signature analysis is a technique that analyzes packet header fields such as IP options, IP protocols, IP fragmentation flags, offset, and identification to check whether any fields are altered in transit. Content-based signature analysis can help detect attacks that manipulate packet headers to evade detection or exploit vulnerabilities . Context-based signature analysis is a technique that analyzes packet payloads such as application data or commands to check whether they match any known attack patterns or signatures. Atomic-signature-based analysis is a technique that analyzes individual packets to check whether they match any known attack patterns or signatures. Composite-signature-based analysis is a technique that analyzes multiple packets or sessions to check whether they match any known attack patterns or signatures.

• Question 10:

  Ryleigh, a system administrator, was instructed to perform a full back up of organizational data on a regular basis. For this purpose, she used a backup technique on a fixed date when the employees are not accessing the system i.e., when a

  service-level down time is allowed a full backup is taken.

  Identify the backup technique utilized by Ryleigh in the above scenario.

  A. Nearline backup

  B. Cold backup

  C. Hot backup

  D. Warm backup

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Cold backup is the backup technique utilized by Ryleigh in the above scenario. Cold backup is a backup technique that involves taking a full backup of data when the system or database is offline or shut down. Cold backup ensures that the data is consistent and not corrupted by any ongoing transactions or operations. Cold backup is usually performed on a fixed date or time when the service-level downtime is allowed or scheduled . Nearline backup is a backup technique that involves storing data on a medium that is not immediately accessible, but can be retrieved within a short time. Hot backup is a backup technique that involves taking a backup of data while the system or database is online or running. Warm backup is a backup technique that involves taking a backup of data while the system or database is partially online or running.