USMLE USMLE Certifications USMLE Questions & Answers

• Question 231:

  A 32-year-old construction worker arrives in the emergency department after an accident on the job. The tendon of the biceps brachii at the elbow has been severed by a laceration that extends 2 cm medially from the tendon. Which of the following structures is likely to have been injured by medial extension of the laceration?

  A. Brachial artery

  B. Ulnar nerve

  C. Musculocutaneous nerve

  D. Profunda brachii artery

  E. Radial nerve

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation:

  The brachial artery is immediately medial to the tendon of the biceps brachii at the elbow. As the artery enters the forearm, it is covered by the bicipital aponeurosis; a broadening of the biceps tendon. The musculocutaneous nerve does not cross the elbow. The musculocutaneous nerve gives off all of its muscular branches to muscles in the arm. The remainder of the nerve is then renamed the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, which passes the elbow lateral to the tendon of the biceps. The profunda brachii artery arises from the brachial artery in the proximal part of the arm. It accompanies the radial artery in the musculospiral groove and then divides into the radial collateral artery and middle collateral artery, which cross the elbow lateral to the tendon of the biceps. The radial nerve lies within the musculospiral groove along the back of the humerus, then passes between the brachioradialis muscle and the brachialis muscle at the elbow, lateral to the tendon of the biceps. The ulnar nerve crosses the elbow posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. It then passes between the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris and courses through the forearm deep to this muscle.

• Question 232:

  The release of Angiotensin II causes which of the following to occur?

  A. Increased filtration rate

  B. Decreased glomerular hydrostatic pressure

  C. Increase synthesis of Vitamin E

  D. Increased release of erythropoietin

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 233:

  Which of the following is an effect of a diuretic?

  A. Decreased Cardiac Output

  B. Increased fluid volume

  C. Increased sodium re-absorption

  D. Increased chloride ion re-absorption

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 234:

  Each kidney contains approximately ______ nephrons.

  A. 10 million

  B. 1 million

  C. 100,000

  D. 10,000

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 235:

  The one of the functions occurring at the distal convoluted tubule in the kidney is?

  A. Passive secretion of hydrogen ions

  B. Passive secretion of potassium ions

  C. Limited re-absorption of water

  D. No re-absorption of sodium

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 236:

  ADH has which of the following effects on the distal convoluted tubule?

  A. Decrease water re-absorption

  B. Increase water re-absorption

  C. Decrease the concentration of urine

  D. Increase the urine volume

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 237:

  Which of the following is not associated with the role of the kidneys?

  A. Release of erythropoietin (hormone)

  B. Release of renin (enzyme)

  C. Release of Vitamin E

  D. Activate Vitamin D

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 238:

  Which of the following is not considered a part of the male urethra?

  A. Prostatic

  B. Membranous

  C. Vasapore

  D. Penile

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 239:

  When glucose if found in urine it is called _____.

  A. Glucosuria

  B. Uremia

  C. Ureteritis

  D. Glucose intolerance

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 240:

  Which of the following is not considered a component of kidney stones?

  A. Calcium phosphate

  B. Uric Acid

  C. Calcium oxalate

  D. HCO3

  Correct Answer: D