USMLE USMLE Certifications USMLE Questions & Answers

• Question 331:

  Which of the following hormones causes increased atrial pressure and decreases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys?

  A. Atrial natriuretic peptide

  B. PTH

  C. Aldosterone

  D. Vasopressin

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 332:

  Potassium sparing diuretics have the primary effect upon the _____ found in the kidney.

  A. Proximal convoluted tubule

  B. Loop of Henle

  C. Collecting duct

  D. Distal convoluted tubule

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 333:

  Which of the following is not directly related to a drug toxicity of Nitroglycerin?

  A. Headaches

  B. Tachycardia

  C. Dizziness

  D. Projectile vomiting

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 334:

  A 35-year-old male comes to the physician due to watery diarrhea of two weeks’ duration. He also has a low-grade fever, fatigue and weight loss of 5kg (11 lbs) over the past month. Laboratory findings include a CD4+ T cell count 70 cells/mm³. The most likely diagnosis is

  A. amebiasis

  B. cryptococcosis

  C. cryptosporidiosis

  D. giardiasis

  E. toxoplasmosis

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation:

  Cryptosporidium spp are protozoa commonly associated with chronic watery diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients with CD4+ cell counts less than < 100 cells/mm³. It causes milder diarrhea in immunocompetent hosts and can be treated with nitazoxanide and prevented by filtering the city water supplies. The diagnosis can be made by acid fast staining of a stool specimen which reveals the presence of acid-fast oocysts.

• Question 335:

  Which of the following drugs is associated with the reaction of extreme photosensitivity?

  A. Digitalis

  B. Niacin

  C. Tetracycline

  D. Fluoroquinolones

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 336:

  Which of the following is not related to a drug toxicity of Prednisone?

  A. Cataracts

  B. Hypotension

  C. Psychosis

  D. Acne

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 337:

  Which of the following is not related to a drug toxicity of Atenolol?

  A. CHF

  B. Tachycardia

  C. AV block

  D. Sedative appearance

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 338:

  A 42-year-old female comes to the emergency department with shortness of breath and palpitations. An ECG is obtained which reveals sustained ventricular arrhythmias which are found to be unresponsive to several medications. The attending physician finally prescribes bretylium. Bretylium works by

  A. acting as a magnesium analog

  B. blocking beta-1 receptors

  C. blocking calcium channels

  D. blocking potassium channels

  E. blocking sodium channels

  Correct Answer: D

• Question 339:

  A drug ending in the suffix (navir) is considered a ______.

  A. Antidepressant

  B. Protease inhibitor

  C. Beta antagonist

  D. H2 antagonist

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 340:

  A drug ending in the suffix (azole) is considered a ______.

  A. H

  B. ACE inhibitor

  C. Antifungal D. Beta agonist

  Correct Answer: C