Medical Tests Medical Tests Certifications NREMT Questions & Answers

• Question 121:

  In any traumatic event where there is tissue damage which is bleeding, the bleeding needs to be controlled. Which is the proper steps to bleeding control?

  A. Direct pressure, elevation, tourniquet, digital pressure

  B. Direct pressure, digital pressure, elevation, tourniquet

  C. Tourniquet, elevation, pressure dressing, direct pressure

  D. Direct pressure, pressure dressing, tourniquet

  Correct Answer: B

  Direct pressure stops 90% of all bleeding. If direct pressure does not work in the first minuet or two digital

  pressure points, compress the artery proximal to the bleeding, elevation and finally a tourniquet if not

  controlled or excessive bleeding.

  Pressure dressings should only be used once bleeding has stopped.

• Question 122:

  Loss of tissue in a traumatic event can either be just soft tissue, a portion of or an entire extremity. Loss of tissue or a flap type laceration is called an avulsion, if your patient has lost the distal 1/3 of a lower extremity what would that injury be called?

  A. Amplitude

  B. Avulsion

  C. Extremity exodus

  D. Amputation

  Correct Answer: D

  Loss a partial or entire extremity is classified as an amputation and loss of tissue from any area is considered as an avulsion. Any lost tissue must be protected with moist dressings and then placed in cold saline.

• Question 123:

  Your trauma patient has her left hand caught between rollers on a conveyor belt, extrication takes 30 minutes. Evaluation of the injury during extrication showed delayed capillary refill distal to the injury. Post extrication shows rapid capillary refill distal to the injury deformity mid palm no obvious fractures, no lacerations and minor swelling noted. Knowing that crush injuries can cause all kinds of problems which is not considered a crush injury complication?

  A. Compression of tissues

  B. Fractures

  C. No injury at all

  D. Compartment syndrome

  Correct Answer: C

  Crush injuries occur when tissue is caught between two objects causing increased pressure. When this pressure is exerted over a long period of time tissues are damaged including lacerations, fractures and anarobic injuries. When blood flow is cut off and there is no oxygen does not make it to the tissues those tissues will revert to anarobic metabolism generating lactic and piruvic acids. In time this damages more tissues releasing more acids and by products of incomplete metabolism, eventually causing more swelling and coagulation problems, loss of tissue and loss of life.

• Question 124:

  A large collection of blood under the skin is known as?

  A. Contusion

  B. Abrasion

  C. Hematoma

  D. Bruise

  Correct Answer: C

  A hematoma is a large collection of blood, caused by larger blood vessels being damaged. A hematoma often is located between layers of tissues. A contusion is generally a smaller collection of blood within tissue such as the dermis. A bruise is a generic term which is often used interchangeably between a contusion and a larger hematoma.

• Question 125:

  When approaching a scene of trauma incident your first order of business?

  A. Airway

  B. C-Spine control

  C. Body substance Isolation

  D. Scene safety

  Correct Answer: D

  Scene safety must be the first order of business upon approaching the scene, if you are injured then you can not help those you were called to help, plus you will now compound the incident since you are now a victim. Body substance isolation is important after you arrive the scene and approach the patient (s). Once you find the patient then Airway/C-spine control are the next steps.

• Question 126:

  The way a patient is injured is often referred to as the _______________?

  A. Mechanism of injury

  B. Mechanics of injury

  C. Injury pattern

  D. Energy transfer

  Correct Answer: A

  The mechanism of injury transfers energy to the patient causing a pattern of injury which is predictable. The way a patient is injured is referred to as the Mechanism of injury a frontal impact auto accident is the mechanism of injury. This allows the clinician to predict the type of injuries the patient may have and predict their response to treatment. Injury pattern can be predicted by looking a the mechanism of injury.

• Question 127:

  When there is penetrating trauma there is a permanant cavity which is formed by the projectile contacting the tissues, how is a tempoary cavity formed?

  A. By the twisting of the projectile

  B. By energy scrubbing off of the projectile

  C. The wadding entering the body

  D. Unspent gun powder

  Correct Answer: B

  When a projectile is traveling through space it is giving off energy as it pushes away the air molecules. When it impacts with human tissue kinetic energy is taken away from the projectile to the tissues. When this projectile is a high velocity missile the tissues which absorb this energy transfer is often damaged but not disrupted enough to be permanently damaged.

• Question 128:

  Any penetrating missile traveling over 2,000ft/sec would be classified as?

  A. Low velocity

  B. Medium velocity

  C. High velocity

  D. Decelerating

  Correct Answer: C

  Any projectile which Is traveling greater than 2,000ft/sec in indeed high velocity and carry with it high potential for kinetic energy transfer. These would be a rifle rounds which can deliver a large projectile over long distances with devastating consequences.

• Question 129:

  Of the two types of energy transfer, which type would a Motor Vehicle crash (MVC) with frontal impact, non-restrained driver with bent steering wheel and spidered windshield?

  A. High velocity penetrating

  B. Decelerating

  C. Low velocity penetrating

  D. Blunt

  Correct Answer: D

  Blunt trauma is just not getting stabbed or shot. Blunt trauma is any injury which is caused by something sticking the human body and having energy transferred to the human body. Blunt trauma can be caused by decelerating injury like a front end impact of a car against a tree.

• Question 130:

  Your patient has a laceration to the right leg which has intersected the femoral artery. You have applied direct pressure to the wound, but it continues to soak through the bandages. What should you do next.

  A. Apply a tourniquet

  B. Elevate the Leg

  C. Remove the old bandage and apply new ones

  D. Apply pressure to the pressure point just above the injury

  Correct Answer: B

  Elevating the leg above the heart can help control bleeding. IF that fails the next step would be to use a pressure point. When applying bandages you should not remove the old ones, just apply the new ones over the old ones.