HashiCorp HashiCorp Certifications TA-002-P Questions & Answers

• Question 71:

  Select the most accurate statement to describe the Terraform language from the following list.

  A. Terraform is an immutable, declarative, Infrastructure as Code provisioning language based on Hashicorp Configuration Language, or optionally JSON.

  B. Terraform is a mutable, declarative, Infrastructure as Code configuration management language based on Hashicorp Configuration Language, or optionally JSON.

  C. Terraform is an immutable, procedural, Infrastructure as Code configuration management language based on Hashicorp Configuration Language, or optionally JSON.

  D. Terraform is a mutable, procedural, Infrastructure as Code provisioning language based on Hashicorp Configuration Language, or optionally YAML.

  Correct Answer: A

  Terraform is not a configuration management tool-https://www.terraform.io/intro/vs/chefpuppet.html Terraform is a declarative language-https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/index.html Terraform supports a syntax that is JSON compatible-https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/syntax-json.html Terraform is primarily designed on immutable infrastructure principles-https://www.hashicorp.com/resources/what-is-mutable-vs-immutable-infrastructure

• Question 72:

  Open source Terraform can only import publicly-accessible and open-source modules.

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: B

  Terraform can load modules from a public or private registry. This makes it possible to publish modules for others to use, and to use modules that others have published. Also, members of your organization might produce modules specifically crafted for your own infrastructure needs. Terraform Cloud and Terraform Enterprise both include a private module registry for sharing modules internally within your organization. Source: https://www.terraform.io/language/modules

• Question 73:

  Which argument(s) are required when declaring a Terraform variable?

  A. type

  B. default

  C. description

  D. All of the above

  E. None of the above

  Correct Answer: E

  Terraform CLI defines the following OPTIONAL arguments for variable declarations:

  default-A default value which then makes the variable optional. type-This argument specifies what value types are accepted for the variable. description-This specifies the input variable's documentation. validation-A block to define validation rules, usually in addition to type constraints. sensitive-Limits Terraform UI output when the variable is used in configuration. nullable-Specify if the variable can be null within the module. https://www.terraform.io/language/values/variables#arguments

• Question 74:

  From the answers below, select the advantages of using Infrastructure as Code.

  A. Provide a codified workflow to develop customer-facing applications.

  B. Safely test modifications using a "dry run" before applying any actual changes.

  C. Easily integrate with application workflows (GitLab Actions, Azure DevOps, CI/CD tools).

  D. Easily change and update existing infrastructure.

  E. Provide reusable modules for easy sharing and collaboration.

  Correct Answer: BCDE

  Infrastructure as Code is not used to develop applications, but it can be used to help deploy or provision those applications to a public cloud provider or on-premises infrastructure. All of the others are benefits to using Infrastructure as Code over the traditional way of managing infrastructure, regardless if it's public cloud or on-premises.

• Question 75:

  Which are forbidden actions when the Terraform state file is locked? (Choose three.)

  A. terraform destroy

  B. terraform fmt

  C. terraform state list

  D. terraform apply

  E. terraform plan

  F. terraform validate

  Correct Answer: ADE

• Question 76:

  Resources in terraform can have same identifiers(Resource type + Block name).

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 77:

  What are the benefits of using Infrastructure as Code? (select five)

  A. Infrastructure as Code is relatively simple to learn and write, regardless of a user's prior experience with developing code

  B. Infrastructure as Code provides configuration consistency and standardization among deployments

  C. Infrastructure as Code is easily repeatable, allowing the user to reuse code to deploy similar, yet different resources

  D. Infrastructure as Code gives the user the ability to recreate an application's infrastructure for disaster recovery scenarios

  E. Infrastructure as Code easily replaces development languages such as Go and .Net for application development

  F. Infrastructure as Code allows a user to turn a manual task into a simple, automated deployment (Correct)

  Correct Answer: ACDF

  If you are new to infrastructure as code as a concept, it is the process of managing infrastructure in a file or files rather than manually configuring resources in a user interface. A resource in this instance is any piece of infrastructure in a given environment, such as a virtual machine, security group, network interface, etc. At a high level, Terraform allows operators to use HCL to author files containing definitions of their desired resources on almost any provider (AWS, GCP, GitHub, Docker, etc) and automates the creation of those resources at the time of application.

• Question 78:

  The following is a snippet from a Terraform configuration file:

  Which, when validated, results in the following error:

  Fill in the blank in the error message with the correct string from the list below.

  A. version

  B. multi

  C. label

  D. alias

  Correct Answer: D

  https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/providers.html#alias-multiple-providerinstances

• Question 79:

  You are using a networking module in your Terraform configuration with the name label my_network. In your main configuration you have the following code:

  

  When you run terraform validate, you get the following error:

  

  What must you do to successfully retrieve this value from your networking module?

  A. Define the attribute vnet_id as a variable in the networking module

  B. Change the referenced value to module.my_network.outputs.vnet_id

  C. Define the attribute vnet_id as an output in the networking module

  D. Change the referenced value to my_network.outputs.vnet_id

  Correct Answer: C

  In a parent module, outputs of child modules are available in expressions as module..

  . For example, if a child module named web_server declared an output named instance_ip_addr, you could access that value as module.web_server.instance_ip_addr.

• Question 80:

  Why might a user opt to include the following snippet in their configuration file?

  A. Terraform 0.12 introduced substantial changes to the syntax used to write Terraform configuration

  B. The user wants to ensure that the application being deployed is a minimum version of 0.12

  C. this ensures that all Terraform providers are above a certain version to match the application being deployed

  D. versions before Terraform 0.12 were not approved by HashiCorp to be used in production

  Correct Answer: A