HashiCorp HashiCorp Certifications VA-002-P Questions & Answers

• Question 71:

  True or False:

  Workspaces provide identical functionality in the open-source, Terraform Cloud, and Enterprise versions of

  Terraform.

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: B

  Workspaces, managed with the terraform workspace command, aren't the same thing as Terraform Cloud

  workspaces.

  Terraform Cloud workspaces act more like completely separate working directories.

  CLI workspaces(OSS) are just alternate state files.

• Question 72:

  Using multi-cloud and provider-agnostic tools provides which of the following benefits? (select two)

  A. operations teams only need to learn and manage a single tool to manage infrastructure, regardless of where the infrastructure is deployed

  B. slower provisioning speed allows the operations team to catch mistakes before they are applied

  C. can be used across major cloud providers and VM hypervisors

  D. increased risk due to all infrastructure relying on a single tool for management

  Correct Answer: AC

  Using a tool like Terraform can be advantageous for organizations deploying workloads across multiple public and private cloud environments. Operations teams only need to learn a single tool, single language, and can use the same tooling to enable a DevOps-like experience and workflows.

• Question 73:

  In the example below, where is the value of the DNS record's IP address originating from?

  1.

  resource "aws_route53_record" "www" {

  2.

  zone_id = aws_route53_zone.primary.zone_id

  3.

  name = "www.helloworld.com"

  4.

  type = "A"

  5.

  ttl = "300"

  6.

  records = [module.web_server.instance_ip_addr]

  7.

  }

  A. value of the web_server parameter from the variables.tf file

  B. the output of a module named web_server

  C. the regular expression named module.web_server

  D. by querying the AWS EC2 API to retrieve the IP address

  Correct Answer: B

  In a parent module, outputs of child modules are available in expressions as module..

  . For example, if a child module named web_server declared an output named instance_ip_addr, you could access that value as module.web_server.instance_ip_addr.

• Question 74:

  True or False:

  State is a requirement for Terraform to function.

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: A

  Terraform requires some sort of database to map Terraform config to the real world. When you have a resource in your configuration, Terraform uses this map to know how that resource is represented. Therefore, to map configuration to resources in the real world, Terraform uses its own state structure.

• Question 75:

  HashiCorp offers multiple versions of Terraform, including Terraform open-source, Terraform Cloud, and Terraform Enterprise. Which of the following Terraform features are only available in the Enterprise edition? (select four)

  A. Sentinel

  B. SAML/SSO

  C. Audit Logs

  D. Private Network Connectivity

  E. Private Module Registry

  F. Clustering

  Correct Answer: BCDF

  While there are a ton of features that are available to open source users, many features that are part of the Enterprise offering are geared towards larger teams and enterprise functionality.

• Question 76:

  In regards to deploying resources in multi-cloud environments, what are some of the benefits of using Terraform rather than a provider's native tooling? (select three)

  A. Terraform simplifies management and orchestration, helping operators build large-scale, multi- cloud infrastructure

  B. Terraform can help businesses deploy applications on multiple clouds and on-premises infrastructure

  C. Terraform can manage cross-cloud dependencies

  D. Terraform is not cloud-agnostic and can be used to deploy resources across a single public cloud

  Correct Answer: ABC

  Terraform is a cloud-agnostic tool, and therefore isn't limited to a single cloud provider, such as AWS CloudFormation or Azure Resource Manager. Terraform supports all of the major cloud providers and allows IT organizations to focus on learning a single tool for deploying its infrastructure, regardless of what platform it's being deployed on.

• Question 77:

  What are some of the features of Terraform state? (select three)

  A. inspection of cloud resources

  B. increased performance

  C. mapping configuration to real-world resources

  D. determining the correct order to destroy resources

  Correct Answer: BCD

  See this page on the purpose of Terraform state and the benefits it provides.

• Question 78:

  After running into issues with Terraform, you need to enable verbose logging to assist with troubleshooting the error. Which of the following values provides the MOST verbose logging?

  A. ERROR

  B. INFO

  C. DEBUG

  D. WARN

  E. TRACE

  Correct Answer: E

  Terraform has detailed logs that can be enabled by setting the TF_LOG environment variable to any value. This will cause detailed logs to appear on stderr. You can set TF_LOG to one of the log levels TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, or ERROR to change the verbosity of the logs. TRACE is the most verbose and it is the default if TF_LOG is set to something other than a log level name.

• Question 79:

  True or False: Provisioners should only be used as a last resort.

  A. true B. false

  Correct Answer: A

  Provisioners are used to execute scripts on a local or remote machine as part of resource creation or destruction. Provisioners can be used to bootstrap a resource, cleanup before destroy, run configuration management, etc. Even if the functionality you need is not available in a provider today, HashiCorp suggests that you consider local-exec usage as a temporary workaround and to open an issue in the relevant provider's repo to discuss adding first-class support.

• Question 80:

  True or False:

  A list(...) may contain a number of values of the same type while an object(...) can contain a number of

  values of different types.

  A. True

  B. False

  Correct Answer: A

  A collection type allows multiple values of one other type to be grouped together as a single value.

  This includes a list, map, and set.

  A structural type allows multiple values of several distinct types to be grouped together as a single value.

  This includes object and tuple.