A systems administrator needs to check if the service systemd-resolved.service is running without any errors. Which of the following commands will show this information?
A. systemct1 status systemd-resolved.service
B. systemct1 enable systemd-resolved.service
C. systemct1 mask systemd-resolved.service
D. systemct1 show systemd-resolved.service
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The command systemct1 status systemd-resolved.service will show the information about the service systemd-resolved.service. The systemct1 command is a tool for managing system services and units. The status option displays the current status of a unit, such as active, inactive, or failed. The output also shows the unit description, loaded configuration, process ID, memory usage, and recent log messages. This command will show if the service systemdresolved.service is running without any errors. This is the correct command to use to accomplish the task. The other options are incorrect because they either perform different actions (enable, mask, or show) or do not show the status of the service (systemct1 show systemd-resolved.service only shows the properties of the service, not the status). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 14: Managing Processes and Scheduling Tasks, page
427.
Question 2:
An administrator is trying to diagnose a performance issue and is reviewing the following output:
System Properties:
CPU: 4 vCPU
Memory: 40GB
Disk maximum IOPS: 690
Disk maximum throughput: 44Mbps | 44000Kbps
Based on the above output, which of the following BEST describes the root cause?
A. The system has reached its maximum IOPS, causing the system to be slow.
B. The system has reached its maximum permitted throughput, therefore iowait is increasing.
C. The system is mostly idle, therefore the iowait is high.
D. The system has a partitioned disk, which causes the IOPS to be doubled.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The system has reached its maximum permitted throughput, therefore iowait is increasing. The output of iostat -x shows that the device sda has an average throughput of 44.01 MB/s, which is equal to the disk maximum throughput of 44 Mbps. The output also shows that the device sda has an average iowait of 99.99%, which means that the CPU is waiting for the disk to complete the I/O requests. This indicates that the disk is the bottleneck and the system is slow due to the high iowait. The other options are incorrect because they are not supported by the outputs. The system has not reached its maximum IOPS, as the device sda has an average IOPS of 563.50, which is lower than the disk maximum IOPS of 690. The system is not mostly idle, as the output of top shows that the CPU is 100% busy. The system does not have a partitioned disk, as the output of lsblk shows that the device sda has only one partition sda1. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 17: Optimizing Linux Systems, pages 513-514.
Question 3:
A development team asks an engineer to guarantee the persistency of journal log files across system reboots. Which of the following commands would accomplish this task?
A. grep -i auto /etc/systemd/journald.conf andand systemct1 restart systemd-journald.service
B. cat /etc/systemd/journald.conf | awk '(print $1,$3)'
C. sed -i 's/auto/persistent/g' /etc/systemd/journald.conf andand sed -i 'persistent/s/^#//q' /etc/systemd/journald.conf
D. journalctl --list-boots andand systemct1 restart systemd-journald.service
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The command sed -i 's/auto/persistent/g' /etc/systemd/journald.conf andand sed - i 'persistent/s/^#//q' /etc/systemd/journald.conf will accomplish the task of guaranteeing the persistency of journal log files across system reboots. The sed command is a tool for editing text files on Linux systems. The -i option modifies the file in place. The s command substitutes one string for another. The g flag replaces all occurrences of the string. The andand operator executes the second command only if the first command succeeds. The q command quits after the first match. The /etc/systemd/journald.conf file is a configuration file for the systemd-journald service, which is responsible for collecting and storing log messages. The command sed -i 's/auto/persistent/g' /etc/systemd/journald.conf will replace the word auto with the word persistent in the file. This will change the value of the Storage option, which controls where the journal log files are stored. The value auto means that the journal log files are stored in the volatile memory and are lost after reboot, while the value persistent means that the journal log files are stored in the persistent storage and are preserved across reboots. The command sed -i 'persistent/s/^#//q' /etc/systemd/journald.conf will remove the # character at the beginning of the line that contains the word persistent. This will uncomment the Storage option and enable it. The command sed -i 's/auto/persistent/g' /etc/ systemd/journald.conf andand sed -i 'persistent/s/^#//q' /etc/systemd/journald.conf will guarantee the persistency of journal log files across system reboots by changing and enabling the Storage option to persistent. This is the correct command to use to accomplish the task. The other options are incorrect because they either do not change the value of the Storage option (grep -i auto /etc/systemd/journald.conf andand systemct1 restart systemd-journald.service or cat /etc/systemd/ journald.conf | awk '(print $1,$3)') or do not enable the Storage option (journalctl --list-boots andand systemct1 restart systemd- journald.service). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 16: Managing Logging and Monitoring, page 489.
Question 4:
A Linux administrator cloned an existing Linux server and built a new server from that clone. The administrator encountered the following error after booting the cloned server:
The administrator performed the commands listed below to further troubleshoot and mount the missing filesystem:
Which of the following should administrator use to resolve the device mismatch issue and mount the disk?
A. mount disk by device-id
B. fsck -A
C. mount disk by-label
D. mount disk by-blkid
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The administrator should use the command mount disk by device-id to resolve the device mismatch issue and mount the disk. The issue is caused by the cloned server having a different device name for the disk than the original server. The output of blkid shows that the disk has the device name /dev/sdb1 on the cloned server, but the output of cat /etc/fstab shows that the disk is expected to have the device name /dev/sda1. The command mount disk by device-id will mount the disk by using its unique identifier (UUID) instead of its device name. The UUID can be obtained from the output of blkid or lsblk -f. The command will mount the disk to the specified mount point (/data) and resolve the issue. The other options are incorrect because they either do not mount the disk (fsck -A), do not use the correct identifier (mount disk by-label or mount disk by-blkid), or do not exist (mount disk by-blkid). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 10: Managing Storage, pages 318-319.
Question 5:
A systems administrator is receiving tickets from users who cannot reach the application app that should be listening on port 9443/tcp on a Linux server.
To troubleshoot the issue, the systems administrator runs netstat and receives the following output:
Based on the information above, which of the following is causing the issue?
A. The IP address 0.0.0.0 is not valid.
B. The application is listening on the loopback interface.
C. The application is listening on port 1234.
D. The application is not running.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The server is in a "Listen" state on port 9943 using its loopback address. The "1234" is a process-id
The cause of the issue is that the application is listening on the loopback interface. The loopback interface is a virtual network interface that is used for internal communication within the system. The loopback interface has the IP address 127.0.0.1, which is also known as localhost. The netstat output shows that the application is listening on port 9443 using the IP address 127.0.0.1. This means that the application can only accept connections from the same system, not from other systems on the network. This can prevent the users from reaching the application and cause the issue. The administrator should configure the application to listen on the IP address 0.0.0.0, which means all available interfaces, or on the specific IP address of the system that is reachable from the network. This will allow the application to accept connections from other systems and resolve the issue. The cause of the issue is that the application is listening on the loopback interface. This is the correct answer to the question. The other options are incorrect because they are not supported by the outputs. The IP address 0.0.0.0 is valid and means all interfaces, the application is not listening on port 1234, and the application is running as shown by the process ID 1234. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 12: Managing Network Connections, page 383.
Question 6:
A systems administrator checked out the code from the repository, created a new branch, made changes to the code, and then updated the main branch. The systems administrator wants to ensure that the Terraform state files do not appear in the main branch. Which of following should the administrator use to meet this requirement?
A. clone
B. gitxgnore
C. get
D. .ssh
Correct Answer: B
To prevent certain files from being tracked by Git, the administrator can use a .gitignore file (B) in the repository. The .gitignore file can specify patterns of files or directories that Git should ignore. This way, the Terraform state files will not
appear in the main branch or any other branch. The other commands are not related to this requirement. References:
[CompTIA Linux+ Study Guide], Chapter 10: Working with Git, Section: Ignoring Files with .gitignore
[How to Use .gitignore File]
Question 7:
An administrator needs to make some changes in the IaC declaration templates. Which of the following commands would maintain version control?
A. git clone https://github.com/comptia/linux+-.git git push origin
B. git clone https://qithub.com/comptia/linux+-.git git fetch New-Branch
C. git clone https://github.com/comptia/linux+-.git git status
D. git clone https://github.com/comptia/linuxt+-.git git checkout -b
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The command that will maintain version control while making some changes in the IaC declaration templates is git checkout -b . This command uses the git tool, which is a distributed version control system that tracks changes in source code and enables collaboration among developers. The checkout option switches to a different branch in the git repository, where a branch is a pointer to a specific commit in the history. The -b option creates a new branch with the given name, and switches to it. This way, the administrator can make changes in the new branch without affecting the main branch, and later merge them if needed. The other options are not correct commands for maintaining version control while making some changes in the IaC declaration templates. The git clone https://github.com/comptia/linux?git command will clone an existing repository from a remote URL to a local directory, but it will not create a new branch for making changes. The git push origin command will push the local changes to a remote repository named origin, but it will not create a new branch for making changes. The git fetch New-Branch command will fetch updates from a remote branch named New-Branch, but it will not create a new branch for making changes. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 19: Managing Source Code; Git - Basic Branching and Merging
Question 8:
Using AD Query, the security gateway connections to the Active Directory Domain Controllers using what protocol?
A. Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)
B. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
C. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
D. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Using AD Query, the security gateway connects to the Active Directory Domain Controllers using Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). LDAP is a protocol that provides access to directory services over a network. AD Query uses LDAP queries to retrieve information about users and groups from Active Directory Domain Controllers without installing any software on them. AD Query does not use Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI), Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), or Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to connect to Active Directory Domain Controllers. References: Check Point Certified Security Administrator (CCSA) R80.x Study Guide, Chapter 5: User Management and Authentication, page 69.
Question 9:
A Linux administrator found many containers in an exited state. Which of the following commands will allow the administrator to clean up the containers in an exited state?
A. docker rm -- all
B. docker rm $ (docker ps -aq)
C. docker images prune *
D. docker rm -- state exited
Correct Answer: B
This command will remove all containers, regardless of their state, by passing the IDs of all containers to the docker rm command. The docker ps -aq command will list the IDs of all containers, including the ones in an exited state, and the $ ( )
syntax will substitute the output of the command as an argument for the docker rm command. This is a quick and easy way to clean up all containers, but it may also remove containers that are still needed or running.
Following the migration from a disaster recovery site, a systems administrator wants a server to require a user to change credentials at initial login. Which of the following commands should be used to ensure the aging attribute?
A. chage -d 2 user
B. chage -d 0 user
C. chage -E 0 user
D. chage -d 1 user
Correct Answer: B
The chage command can be used to change the user password expiry information. The -d or --lastday option sets the last password change date. If the value is 0, the user will be forced to change the password at the next login. See chage command in Linux with examples and 10 chage command examples in Linux.
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