EC-COUNCIL EC-COUNCIL Certifications 212-82 Questions & Answers

• Question 81:

  Leilani, a network specialist at an organization, employed Wireshark for observing network traffic. Leilani navigated to the Wireshark menu icon that contains items to manipulate, display and apply filters, enable, or disable the dissection of protocols, and configure user- specified decodes.

  Identify the Wireshark menu Leilani has navigated in the above scenario.

  A. Statistics

  B. Capture

  C. Main toolbar

  D. Analyze

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Capture is the Wireshark menu that Leilani has navigated in the above scenario. Wireshark is a network analysis tool that captures and displays network traffic in real-time or from saved files. Wireshark has various menus that contain different items and options for manipulating, displaying, and analyzing network data. Capture is the Wireshark menu that contains items to start, stop, restart, or save a live capture of network traffic. Capture also contains items to configure capture filters, interfaces, options, and preferences . Statistics is the Wireshark menu that contains items to display various statistics and graphs of network traffic, such as packet lengths, protocols, endpoints, conversations, etc. Main toolbar is the Wireshark toolbar that contains icons for quick access to common functions, such as opening or saving files, starting or stopping a capture, applying display filters, etc. Analyze is the Wireshark menu that contains items to manipulate, display and apply filters, enable or disable the dissection of protocols, and configure user-specified decodes.

• Question 82:

  Grace, an online shopping enthusiast, purchased a smart TV using her debit card. During online payment. Grace's browser redirected her from the e-commerce website to a third- party payment gateway, where she provided her debit card details and the OTP received on her registered mobile phone. After completing the transaction, Grace logged Into her online bank account and verified the current balance in her savings account, identify the state of data being processed between the e-commerce website and payment gateway in the above scenario.

  A. Data in inactive

  B. Data in transit

  C. Data in use

  D. Data at rest

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Data in transit is the state of data being processed between the e-commerce website and payment gateway in the above scenario. Data in transit is the data that is moving from one location to another over a network, such as the internet. Data in transit can be vulnerable to interception, modification, or theft by unauthorized parties. Therefore, data in transit should be protected using encryption, authentication, and secure protocols2. References: Data in Transit

• Question 83:

  Kasen, a cybersecurity specialist at an organization, was working with the business continuity and disaster recovery team. The team initiated various business continuity and discovery activities in the organization. In this process, Kasen established a program to restore both the disaster site and the damaged materials to the pre-disaster levels during an incident.

  Which of the following business continuity and disaster recovery activities did Kasen perform in the above scenario?

  A. Prevention

  B. Resumption

  C. Response

  D. Recovery

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Recovery is the business continuity and disaster recovery activity that Kasen performed in the above scenario. Business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR) is a process that involves planning, preparing, and implementing various activities to ensure the continuity of critical business functions and the recovery of essential resources in the event of a disaster or disruption. BCDR activities can be categorized into four phases: prevention, response, resumption, and recovery . Prevention is the BCDR phase that involves identifying and mitigating potential risks and threats that can cause a disaster or disruption. Response is the BCDR phase that involves activating the BCDR plan and executing the immediate actions to protect people, assets, and operations during a disaster or disruption. Resumption is the BCDR phase that involves restoring the minimum level of services and functions required to resume normal business operations after a disaster or disruption. Recovery is the BCDR phase that involves restoring both the disaster site and the damaged materials to the pre-disaster levels during an incident.

• Question 84:

  Kevin, a professional hacker, wants to penetrate CyberTech Inc.'s network. He employed a technique, using which he encoded packets with Unicode characters. The company's IDS cannot recognize the packet, but the target web server can decode them.

  What is the technique used by Kevin to evade the IDS system?

  A. Desynchronization

  B. Obfuscating

  C. Session splicing

  D. Urgency flag

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Obfuscating is the technique used by Kevin to evade the IDS system in the above scenario. Obfuscating is a technique that involves encoding or modifying packets or data with various methods or characters to make them unreadable or unrecognizable by an IDS (Intrusion Detection System). Obfuscating can be used to bypass or evade an IDS system that relies on signatures or patterns to detect malicious activities. Obfuscating can include encoding packets with Unicode characters, which are characters that can represent various languages and symbols. The IDS system cannot recognize the packet, but the target web server can decode them and execute them normally. Desynchronization is a technique that involves creating discrepancies or inconsistencies between the state of a connection as seen by an IDS system and the state of a connection as seen by the end hosts. Desynchronization can be used to bypass or evade an IDS system that relies on stateful inspection to track and analyze connections. Desynchronization can include sending packets with invalid sequence numbers, which are numbers that indicate the order of packets in a connection. Session splicing is a technique that involves splitting or dividing packets or data into smaller fragments or segments to make them harder to detect by an IDS system. Session splicing can be used to bypass or evade an IDS system that relies on packet size or content to detect malicious activities. Session splicing can include sending packets with small MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) values, which are values that indicate the maximum size of packets that can be transmitted over a network. An urgency flag is a flag in the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) header that indicates that the data in the packet is urgent and should be processed immediately by the receiver. An urgency flag is not a technique to evade an IDS system, but it can be used to trigger an IDS system to generate an alert or a response.

• Question 85:

  An organization divided its IT infrastructure into multiple departments to ensure secure connections for data access. To provide high-speed data access, the administrator implemented a PAID level that broke data into sections and stored them across multiple drives. The storage capacity of this RAID level was equal to the sum of disk capacities in the set. Which of the following RAID levels was implemented by the administrator in the above scenario?

  A. RAID Level 0

  B. RAID Level 3

  C. RAID Level 5

  D. RAID Level 1

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: RAID Level 0 is the RAID level that was implemented by the administrator in the above scenario. RAID Level 0 is also known as striping, which breaks data into sections and stores them across multiple drives. RAID Level 0 provides high-speed data access and increases performance, but it does not provide any redundancy or fault tolerance. The storage capacity of RAID Level 0 is equal to the sum of disk capacities in the set3. References: RAID Level 0

• Question 86:

  Ruben, a crime investigator, wants to retrieve all the deleted files and folders in the suspected media without affecting the original files. For this purpose, he uses a method that involves the creation of a cloned copy of the entire media and prevents the contamination of the original media.

  Identify the method utilized by Ruben in the above scenario.

  A. Sparse acquisition

  B. Bit-stream imaging

  C. Drive decryption

  D. Logical acquisition

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Bit-stream imaging is the method utilized by Ruben in the above scenario. Bit-stream imaging is a method that involves creating a cloned copy of the entire media and prevents the contamination of the original media. Bit-stream imaging copies all the data on the media, including deleted files and folders, hidden partitions, slack space, etc., at a bit level. Bit-stream imaging preserves the integrity and authenticity of the digital evidence and allows further analysis without affecting the original media. Sparse acquisition is a method that involves creating a partial copy of the media by skipping empty sectors or blocks. Drive decryption is a method that involves decrypting an encrypted drive or partition using a password or a key. Logical acquisition is a method that involves creating a copy of the logical files and folders on the media using file system commands.

• Question 87:

  The SOC department in a multinational organization has collected logs of a security event as

  "Windows.events.evtx". Study the Audit Failure logs in the event log file located in the Documents folder of the-Attacker Maehine-1" and determine the IP address of the attacker. (Note: The event ID of Audit failure logs is 4625.)

  A. 10.10.1.12

  B. 10.10.1.10

  C. 10.10.1.16

  D. 10.10.1.19

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: The IP address of the attacker is 10.10.1.16. This can be verified by analyzing the Windows.events.evtx file using a tool such as Event Viewer or Log Parser. The file contains several Audit Failure logs with event ID 4625, which indicate failed logon attempts to the system. The logs show that the source network address of the failed logon attempts is 10.10.1.16, which is the IP address of the attacker3. The screenshot below shows an example of viewing one of the logs using Event Viewer4: References: Audit Failure Log, [Windows.events.evtx], [Screenshot of Event Viewer showing Audit Failure log]

• Question 88:

  A threat intelligence feed data file has been acquired and stored in the Documents folder of Attacker Machine-1 (File Name: Threatfeed.txt). You are a cybersecurity technician working for an ABC organization. Your organization has assigned you a task to analyze the data and submit a report on the threat landscape. Select the IP address linked with http://securityabc.s21sec.com.

  A. 5.9.200.200

  B. 5.9.200.150

  C. 5.9.110.120

  D. 5.9.188.148

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: 5.9.188.148 is the IP address linked with http://securityabc.s21sec.com in the above scenario. A threat intelligence feed is a source of data that provides information about current or potential threats and attacks that can affect an

  organization's network or system. A threat intelligence feed can include indicators of compromise (IoCs), such as IP addresses, domain names, URLs, hashes, etc., that can be used to detect or prevent malicious activities. To analyze the

  threat intelligence feed data file and determine the IP address linked with http://securityabc.s21sec.com, one has to follow these steps:

  Navigate to the Documents folder of Attacker-1 machine.

  Open Threatfeed.txt file with a text editor.

  Search for http://securityabc.s21sec.com in the file.

  Observe the IP address associated with the URL.

  The IP address associated with the URL is 5.9.188.148, which is the IP address linked with http://securityabc.s21sec.com.

• Question 89:

  Charlie, a security professional in an organization, noticed unauthorized access and eavesdropping on the WLAN. To thwart such attempts, Charlie employed an encryption mechanism that used the RC4 algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer. Identify the type of wireless encryption employed by Charlie in the above scenario.

  A. TKIP

  B. WEP

  C. AES

  D. CCMP

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: WEP is the type of wireless encryption employed by Charlie in the above scenario. Wireless encryption is a technique that involves encoding or scrambling the data transmitted over a wireless network to prevent unauthorized access or interception. Wireless encryption can use various algorithms or protocols to encrypt and decrypt the data, such as WEP, WPA, WPA2, etc. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is a type of wireless encryption that uses the RC4 algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer . WEP can be used to provide basic security and privacy for wireless networks, but it can also be easily cracked or compromised by various attacks . In the scenario, Charlie, a security professional in an organization, noticed unauthorized access and eavesdropping on the WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network). To thwart such attempts, Charlie employed an encryption mechanism that used the RC4 algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer. This means that he employed WEP for this purpose. TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) is a type of wireless encryption that uses the RC4 algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer with dynamic keys . TKIP can be used to provide enhanced security and compatibility for wireless networks, but it can also be vulnerable to certain attacks . AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a type of wireless encryption that uses the Rijndael algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer with fixed keys . AES can be used to provide strong security and performance for wireless networks, but it can also require more processing power and resources . CCMP (Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol) is a type of wireless encryption that uses the AES algorithm to encrypt information in the data link layer with dynamic keys . CCMP can be used to provide robust security and reliability for wireless networks, but it can also require more processing power and resources

• Question 90:

  An organization's risk management team identified the risk of natural disasters in the organization's current location. Because natural disasters cannot be prevented using security controls, the team suggested to build a new office in another location to eliminate the identified risk. Identify the risk treatment option suggested by the risk management team in this scenario.

  A. Risk modification

  B. Risk avoidance

  C. Risk sharing

  D. Risk retention

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Risk avoidance is the risk treatment option suggested by the risk management team in this scenario. Risk avoidance is a risk treatment option that involves eliminating the identified risk by changing the scope, requirements, or objectives of the project or activity. Risk avoidance can be used when the risk cannot be prevented using security controls or when the risk outweighs the benefits2. References: Risk Avoidance