EC-COUNCIL EC-COUNCIL Certifications 312-50 Questions & Answers

• Question 141:

  Joseph was the Web site administrator for the Mason Insurance in New York, who's main Web site was located at www.masonins.com. Joseph uses his laptop computer regularly to administer the Web site. One night, Joseph received an urgent phone call from his friend, Smith. According to Smith, the main Mason Insurance web site had been vandalized! All of its normal content was removed and replaced with an attacker's message ''Hacker Message: You are dead! Freaks!'' From his office, which was directly connected to Mason Insurance's internal network, Joseph surfed to the Web site using his laptop. In his browser, the Web site looked completely intact. No changes were apparent. Joseph called a friend of his at his home to help troubleshoot the problem. The Web site appeared defaced when his friend visited using his DSL connection. So, while Smith and his friend could see the defaced page, Joseph saw the intact Mason Insurance web site.

  To help make sense of this problem, Joseph decided to access the Web site using his dial-up ISP. He disconnected his laptop from the corporate internal network and used his modem to dial up the same ISP used by Smith. After his modem

  connected, he quickly typed www.masonins.com in his browser to reveal the following web page:

  H@cker Mess@ge:

  Y0u @re De@d! Fre@ks!

  After seeing the defaced Web site, he disconnected his dial-up line, reconnected to the internal network, and used Secure Shell (SSH) to log in directly to the Web server. He ran Tripwire against the entire Web site, and determined that every

  system file and all the Web content on the server were intact.

  How did the attacker accomplish this hack?

  A. ARP spoofing

  B. SQL injection

  C. DNS poisoning

  D. Routing table injection

  Correct Answer: C

  External calls for the Web site has been redirected to another server by a successful DNS poisoning.

• Question 142:

  Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?

  A. MX

  B. SOA

  C. NS

  D. TIMEOUT

  Correct Answer: B

  The SOA contains information of secondary servers, update intervals and expiration times.

• Question 143:

  Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a major competitive advantage for them. Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from company B. How do you prevent DNS spoofing? (Select the Best Answer.)

  A. Install DNS logger and track vulnerable packets

  B. Disable DNS timeouts

  C. Install DNS Anti-spoofing

  D. Disable DNS Zone Transfer

  Correct Answer: C

  Implement DNS Anit-Spoofing measures to prevent DNS Cache Pollution to occur.

• Question 144:

  A zone file consists of which of the following Resource Records (RRs)?

  A. DNS, NS, AXFR, and MX records

  B. DNS, NS, PTR, and MX records

  C. SOA, NS, AXFR, and MX records

  D. SOA, NS, A, and MX records

  Correct Answer: D

  The zone file typically contains the following records: SOA Start Of Authority NS Name Server record MX Mail eXchange record A Address record

• Question 145:

  Sara is using the nslookup command to craft queries to list all DNS information (such as Name Servers, host names, MX records, CNAME records, glue records (delegation for child Domains), zone serial number, TimeToLive (TTL) records, etc) for a Domain. What do you think Sara is trying to accomplish? Select the best answer.

  A. A zone harvesting

  B. A zone transfer

  C. A zone update

  D. A zone estimate

  Correct Answer: B

  The zone transfer is the method a secondary DNS server uses to update its information from the primary DNS server. DNS servers within a domain are organized using a master-slave method where the slaves get updated DNS information from the master DNS. One should configure the master DNS server to allow zone transfers only from secondary (slave) DNS servers but this is often not implemented. By connecting to a specific DNS server and successfully issuing the ls d domain-name > file-name you have initiated a zone transfer.

• Question 146:

  You have the SOA presented below in your Zone. Your secondary servers have not been able to contact your primary server to synchronize information. How long will the secondary servers attempt to contact the primary server before it considers that zone is dead and stops responding to queries?

  collegae.edu.SOA,cikkye.edu ipad.college.edu. (200302028 3600 3600 604800 3600)

  A. One day

  B. One hour

  C. One week

  D. One month

  Correct Answer: C

  The numbers represents the following values: 200302028; se = serial number 3600; ref = refresh = 1h 3600; ret = update retry = 1h 604800; ex = expiry = 1w 3600; min = minimum TTL = 1h

• Question 147:

  Which of the following statements about a zone transfer correct?(Choose three.

  A. A zone transfer is accomplished with the DNS

  B. A zone transfer is accomplished with the nslookup service

  C. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a DNS server maintains

  D. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a nslookup server maintains

  E. A zone transfer can be prevented by blocking all inbound TCP port 53 connections

  F. Zone transfers cannot occur on the Internet

  Correct Answer: ACE

  Securing DNS servers should be a priority of the organization. Hackers obtaining DNS information can discover a wealth of information about an organization. This information can be used to further exploit the network.

• Question 148:

  What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is open?

  A. SYN

  B. ACK

  C. FIN

  D. PSH

  E. RST

  F. No response

  Correct Answer: F

  A NULL scan will have no response if the port is open.

• Question 149:

  What is a NULL scan?

  A. A scan in which all flags are turned off

  B. A scan in which certain flags are off

  C. A scan in which all flags are on

  D. A scan in which the packet size is set to zero

  E. A scan with a illegal packet size

  Correct Answer: A

  A null scan has all flags turned off.

• Question 150:

  What ports should be blocked on the firewall to prevent NetBIOS traffic from not coming through the firewall if your network is comprised of Windows NT, 2000, and XP?(Choose all that apply.

  A. 110

  B. 135

  C. 139

  D. 161

  E. 445

  F. 1024

  Correct Answer: BCE

  NetBIOS traffic can quickly be used to enumerate and attack Windows computers. Ports 135, 139, and 445 should be blocked.