EC-COUNCIL EC-COUNCIL Certifications 312-50V8 Questions & Answers

• Question 191:

  Michael is a junior security analyst working for the National Security Agency (NSA) working primarily on breaking terrorist encrypted messages. The NSA has a number of methods they use to decipher encrypted messages including Government Access to Keys (GAK) and inside informants. The NSA holds secret backdoor keys to many of the encryption algorithms used on the Internet. The problem for the NSA, and Michael, is that terrorist organizations are starting to use custom-built algorithms or obscure algorithms purchased from corrupt governments. For this reason, Michael and other security analysts like him have been forced to find different methods of deciphering terrorist messages. One method that Michael thought of using was to hide malicious code inside seemingly harmless programs. Michael first monitors sites and bulletin boards used by known terrorists, and then he is able to glean email addresses to some of these suspected terrorists. Michael then inserts a stealth keylogger into a mapping program file readme.txt and then sends that as an attachment to the terrorist. This keylogger takes screenshots every 2 minutes and also logs all keyboard activity into a hidden file on the terrorist's computer. Then, the keylogger emails those files to Michael twice a day with a built in SMTP server. What technique has Michael used to disguise this keylogging software?

  A. Steganography

  B. Wrapping

  C. ADS

  D. Hidden Channels

  Correct Answer: C

• Question 192:

  This is an attack that takes advantage of a web site vulnerability in which the site displays content that includes un-sanitized user-provided data.

  See foobar

  What is this attack?

  A. Cross-site-scripting attack

  B. SQL Injection

  C. URL Traversal attack

  D. Buffer Overflow attack

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 193:

  You are trying to break into a highly classified top-secret mainframe computer with highest security system in place at Merclyn Barley Bank located in Los Angeles. You know that conventional hacking doesn't work in this case, because organizations such as banks are generally tight and secure when it comes to protecting their systems. In other words you are trying to penetrate an otherwise impenetrable system.

  How would you proceed?

  A. Look for "zero-day" exploits at various underground hacker websites in Russia and China and buy the necessary exploits from these hackers and target the bank's network

  B. Try to hang around the local pubs or restaurants near the bank,get talking to a poorly-paid or disgruntled employee,and offer them money if they'll abuse their access privileges by providing you with sensitive information

  C. Launch DDOS attacks against Merclyn Barley Bank's routers and firewall systems using 100,000 or more "zombies" and "bots"

  D. Try to conduct Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM) attack and divert the network traffic going to the Merclyn Barley Bank's Webserver to that of your machine using DNS Cache Poisoning techniques

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 194:

  How does a denial-of-service attack work?

  A. A hacker prevents a legitimate user (or group of users) from accessing a service

  B. A hacker uses every character,word,or letter he or she can think of to defeat authentication

  C. A hacker tries to decipher a password by using a system,which subsequently crashes the network

  D. A hacker attempts to imitate a legitimate user by confusing a computer or even another person

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 195:

  You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks, such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your network with complex security system in place.

  Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you. He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain.

  What is Peter Smith talking about?

  A. Untrained staff or ignorant computer users who inadvertently become the weakest link in your security chain

  B. "zero-day" exploits are the weakest link in the security chain since the IDS will not be able to detect these attacks

  C. "Polymorphic viruses" are the weakest link in the security chain since the Anti-Virus scanners will not be able to detect these attacks

  D. Continuous Spam e-mails cannot be blocked by your security system since spammers use different techniques to bypass the filters in your gateway

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 196:

  Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to physical ports on the switch.

  

  In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?

  A. Switch then acts as hub by broadcasting packets to all machines on the network

  B. The CAM overflow table will cause the switch to crash causing Denial of Service

  C. The switch replaces outgoing frame switch factory default MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

  D. Every packet is dropped and the switch sends out SNMP alerts to the IDS port

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 197:

  Which type of sniffing technique is generally referred as MiTM attack?

  

  A. Password Sniffing

  B. ARP Poisoning

  C. Mac Flooding

  D. DHCP Sniffing

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 198:

  Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL:

  

  How would you protect from these attacks?

  A. Configure the Web Server to deny requests involving "hex encoded" characters

  B. Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests

  C. Use SSL authentication on Web Servers

  D. Enable Active Scripts Detection at the firewall and routers

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 199:

  Every company needs a formal written document which spells out to employees precisely what they are allowed to use the company's systems for, what is prohibited, and what will happen to them if they break the rules. Two printed copies of the policy should be given to every employee as soon as possible after they join the organization. The employee should be asked to sign one copy, which should be safely filed by the company. No one should be allowed to use the company's computer systems until they have signed the policy in acceptance of its terms.

  What is this document called?

  A. Information Audit Policy (IAP)

  B. Information Security Policy (ISP)

  C. Penetration Testing Policy (PTP)

  D. Company Compliance Policy (CCP)

  Correct Answer: B

• Question 200:

  You receive an e-mail like the one shown below. When you click on the link contained in the mail, you are

  redirected to a website seeking you to download free Anti-Virus software.

  Dear valued customers,

  We are pleased to announce the newest version of Antivirus 2010 for Windows which will probe you with

  total security against the latest spyware, malware, viruses, Trojans and

  other online threats. Simply visit the link below and enter your antivirus code:

  Antivirus code: 5014

  http://www.juggyboy/virus/virus.html

  Thank you for choosing us, the worldwide leader Antivirus solutions.

  Mike Robertson

  PDF Reader Support

  Copyright Antivirus 2010 ?All rights reserved

  If you want to stop receiving mail, please go to:

  http://www.juggyboy.com

  or you may contact us at the following address: Media Internet Consultants, Edif. Neptuno, Planta Baja,

  Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Tumba Muerto, n/a Panama

  How will you determine if this is Real Anti-Virus or Fake Anti-Virus website?

  A. Look at the website design,if it looks professional then it is a Real Anti-Virus website

  B. Connect to the site using SSL,if you are successful then the website is genuine

  C. Search using the URL and Anti-Virus product name into Google and lookout for suspicious warnings against this site

  D. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site,your Windows 7 will prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware

  E. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site,your Windows 7 will prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware

  Correct Answer: C