ASWB ASWB Certifications LCSW Questions & Answers

• Question 151:

  Drug addiction has many effects on a family. The preoccupation with a substance continuously changes mood and performance. Usage can cause marital problems and the destruction of the family unit as a whole. Many members will deny there is a problem or attempt to cover it up out of love for the using indMdual. This is called:

  A. Arcing

  B. Cross-reaction

  C. Substantive Effects

  D. Enabling

  Correct Answer: D

  Enabling behavior is common in dysfunctional relationships due to secondary gains. A person may depend upon income, focus on the other person's behavior to minimize their own, or any number of other reasons to "| ook the other way/' with problem behaviors.

• Question 152:

  The social learning theory as proposed by Albert Bandura, states that most human behavior is learned through observation and modeling. This type of learning is thought to reveal the ability of indMduals to learn new information without necessarily demonstrating the behavior. Which of the following describes the four conditions for successful modeling?

  A. Distinctiveness, attention, reproduction, and mental imaging

  B. Incentives, cognitive organization, retention, and motivation

  C. Perseverance, functional value, retention, and attention

  D. Attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation

  Correct Answer: D

  Attention notes thefactors involved that may increase or decrease an indMduaI's perception. Retention explains the manner in which a person remembers what they observed. Reproduction is the method of duplicating the image. The last condition involves motivation or a good reason to imitate the behawon

• Question 153:

  Person-centered therapy places most of the responsibilityfor treatment on the client. Professionals take a back seat and perform in a nondirective role. Therapy takes place in a supportive environment with a comfortable client/social worker relationship. What are the two goals of person-centered therapy?

  A. Increased self-esteem and openness to experience

  B. Increased self-determination and internal control

  C. Improvement in aggressive tendencies and control

  D. Improvement in attitude and external forces

  Correct Answer: A

  Person-centered therapy revolves around the goals of self-esteem and experience. IndMduals will learn to be in agreement with themselves, demonstrate low levels of guilt, and encounter more positive relationships.

• Question 154:

  Personality theories offer many suggestions for indMdual behavior. Carl Rogers believed that an indMduaI's nature is generally positive and everyone is born a good person. People have an underlying urge to move towards autonomy. What theory is being described?

  A. Person centered

  B. Gestalt

  C. MasIow's Hierarchy of Needs

  D. Biopsychosocial

  Correct Answer: A

  The Person-centered theory incorporates the desire of a person to experience oneself in a consistent view. Self-actualization and self-concept are learned in childhood and noted as being secondary needs.

• Question 155:

  Middle adulthood finds indMduals faced with many challenges. This usually occurs between the ages of 40 and 50. One tends to make drastic changes when recognizing that life is half over. Often this occurs when the adult feels they have not achieved what?

  A. Loving relationships

  B. Goals in life

  C. Family

  D. Appropriate career choices

  Correct Answer: B

  Many adults in their mid-40s will suddenly feel the urge to achieve goals previously established in earlier years. Other people will focus on maintaining satisfaction with their lives. Major tasks during this time period may include adjusting to physiological changes, relating to a spouse, and developing leisure actMties.

• Question 156:

  Sarah has been assessed as having a bond with her infant of 6 months old. The mother is eager to give her daughter care and a nurturing environment. However, it appears that Sarah does not hold an attachment to the child. What is missing from the relationship?

  A. Constancy

  B. Desire to maintain closeness

  C. IndMdual replacement

  D. Separation

  Correct Answer: B

  Attachment means that there is a bond or connection with the person. With the parent-child relationship, it involves a long-term tie to the indMdual that cannot be replaced by another. When attachment is not established, emotional distress and personality disturbance can occur.

• Question 157:

  Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Development demonstrate the emotional process an indMdual follows throughout life. In what stage does a person learn to cooperate with others, lead as well as follow, or to continue depending on adults?

  A. Basic Trust vs. Mistrust

  B. Autonomy vs. Shame

  C. Initiative vs. Guilt

  D. Industry vs. Inferiority

  Correct Answer: C

  During the Initiative vs. Guilt stage, child ren learn to use their imagination through active play. Guilt is obvious if the child is fearful, leading to restrictions in their play skills. This occurs during the early preschool years.

• Question 158:

  Bethany seeks the help of a clinical social worker and is soon diagnosed with schizophrenia. The client wants to know how she developed this psychiatric disorder and what she can do to alleviate the symptoms. The social worker brings in some of Bethany' s family members to get background information. It is soon discovered that prior studies done on schizophrenia were correct in their findings. A high degree of influence relies on what?

  A. Environment

  B. Physical health

  C. Heredity

  D. Alcoholism

  Correct Answer: C

  Schizophrenia is one of the most highly studied psychiatric illnesses by scientists. The genetic influence or heredity, accounts for 80% of all diagnosed cases. Environ mental influence has not been found relevant and there is no difference in gender.

• Question 159:

  Parenting facilitates a chi|d's development within a safe environ ment. Adaptability to circumstances and changing requirements are related to perceptiveness, filexibility and responsiveness. What type of parenting is being described?

  A. Competent

  B. Submissive

  C. Authoritative

  D. Aggressive

  Correct Answer: A

  Assessments in parenting rely on three determinants: clarity, understanding problems, and capacity. A competent parent needs to be aware of their child, connect with the child and have the ability to respond in numerous ways.

• Question 160:

  Abusiveness in families tends to repeat itself in future generations. The cycle reoccurs when the abused indMdual leaves their family for another and becomes the abuser. There are many traits to an abusive personality. Which of the following would not be a characteristic?

  A. Emotional volatility

  B. Low self-esteem

  C. Fear of abandonment

  D. Empowerment

  Correct Answer: D

  Empowerment is achieved through assertiveness rather than aggression or manipulation. A person who is abusing someone seeks power through aggressive or manipulative means.