Medical Tests Medical Tests Certifications NREMT Questions & Answers

• Question 101:

  Your patient has an injury that consists of overstretched and torn ligaments. What type of injury does this patient have?

  A. Strain

  B. Sprain

  C. Fracture

  D. Dislocation

  Correct Answer: B

  In a pre-hospital setting, you would treat all of the above injuries the same, but this particular injury is a sprain. Sprains occur to the ligaments, dislocations are in the joint, fractures are bone related, and strains are muscle injuries.

• Question 102:

  Your patient is a 22 year old male with an object impaled in the right side of his chest, just below the shoulder. After assessing that the object is not blocking his airway, what is the best course of action for this patient.

  A. Remove the object by pushing it through the same direction as it entered

  B. Remove the object by pulling it back out the way it entered.

  C. Cut the object close to the patient in order to control the bleeding and transport the patient

  D. Stabilize the object in place, control the bleeding and transport

  Correct Answer: D

  The only time you want to remove an impaling object is when it is obstructing the airway, as doing so may cause uncontrolled bleeding and even death. Cutting the object will cause the object to move and could result in further injury.

• Question 103:

  What are the signs and symptoms of shock

  A. Increased heart rate, increased respirations, hypotension

  B. Decreased heart rate, increased respirations, hypotension

  C. Increased heart rate, decreased respirations, hypertension

  D. Decreased heart rate, increased respirations, hypertension

  Correct Answer: A

  Early signs of shock are Increased heart rate and respirations. The patient may also have pale, cool and clammy skin and show signs go hypoxia. Later stages of shock will include a drop in blood pressure.

• Question 104:

  Your patient is suffering from Epistaxis. How should you proceed.

  A. There is no treatment for Epistaxis

  B. Pack the area with gauze

  C. Pinch the nostrils and have the patient lean forward

  D. Pinch the nostrils and have the patient tilt there head backwards

  Correct Answer: C

  Epistaxis is a nosebleed. Having them tilt there head back could cause them to aspirate blood, become sick or vomit.

• Question 105:

  While assessing the carotid and radial pulse in your unresponsive patient, you determine that the carotid pulse is weak and rapid, and the peripheral pulses are absent. What other clinical assessment finding would you expect to be present?

  A. An irregular rhythm of the pulse

  B. A decrease in the respiratory rate

  C. Cool and pale skin

  D. An increase in arterial pressure

  Correct Answer: C

  Checking the central and peripheral pulses in the unresponsive patient will give the paramedic a rough estimate of peripheral perfusion. In this instance, where there is no peripheral pulse and a weak central pulse, the inference can be made that there is poor peripheral perfusion. Another expected finding in this patient then would be cool and pale skin from the diminished peripheral blood flow.

• Question 106:

  You respond to the scene of a residential natural gas explosion to find a 36-year-old male patient complaining of a diminished ability to hear, moderate dyspnea, and acute abdominal pain. These symptoms are likely due to what mechanism?

  A. Primary blast injury

  B. Secondary blast injury

  C. Tertiary blast injury

  D. Toxic inhalation of natural gas

  Correct Answer: A

  Primary Blast Injuries are caused by the compression of air filled organs by an overpressure wave, typically affecting the tympanic membranes, lungs, stomach, intestines, and sinuses. Toxic Exposure to Natural Gas may cause nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, and labored breathing, but would not explain diminished hearing or acute abdominal pain. Secondary Blast Injury refers to trauma caused by flying shrapnel or debris, while Tertiary Blast Injury refers to trauma caused when a patient is thrown from the blast area and strikes an object or the ground.

• Question 107:

  What is the most common spinal injury associated with improper lifting techniques?

  A. Thoracic

  B. Cervical

  C. Lumbar

  D. Sacral

  Correct Answer: C

  The most common spinal injury is injury to the cervical spine, but improper lifting techniques result in lumbar injuries. Common lumbar injures are buldging and/or compressed vertebra. You must remember to lift with your legs and knees and not your back.

• Question 108:

  When managing an open fracture, you should do which of the following?

  A. Cover the exposed bone ends with a moist sterile dressing.

  B. Provide mild manual traction to restore distal circulation.

  C. Leave the wound exposed if there is no massive bleeding from the area.

  D. Apply a pressure dressing to prevent blood loss.

  Correct Answer: A

  When bone is exposed, care must be taken to prevent further injury and infection. A good rule of thumb for the use of moist, sterile dressings is as follow: If the protruding part is normally on the inside of the body, cover it with a moist sterile dressing. Do not attempt to reinsert or reduce the exposed bone back into the body.

• Question 109:

  You have responded for a 43-year-old male who was involved in an altercation. The patient was reportedly beaten about the face and head with a baseball bat. The patient is unresponsive. Evaluation of the patient's face reveals instability from the orbits to the mandible. Based on this information, how would you definitively manage this patient's airway?

  A. Immediately assist ventilations with a Bag-Valve-Mask.

  B. Orally intubate the patient and assist ventilations with a Bag-Valve-Mask.

  C. Insert an oral airway and assist ventilations with a Bag-Valve-Mask.

  D. Insert a nasal airway and assist ventilations with a Bag-Valve-Mask.

  Correct Answer: B

  This patient has an unstable face and an unstable airway. Ultimately, this patient needs to have his airway protected as quickly as possible with an endotracheal tube. With facial instability, it is imperative that an adjunct be placed to ensure that the airway is not occluded by the pressure on the jaw created with the application of the Bag-Valve-Mask.

• Question 110:

  Your 26-year-old female patient has been pulled out of a house fire. Her chest and arms have been burned. The area is charred and the patient states she has little pain in the burned area. What is the most likely classification of this patient's burns?

  A. Full thickness

  B. Superficial partial thickness burns

  C. Deep partial thickness burns

  D. Superficial

  Correct Answer: A

  The patient is most likely experiencing a full thickness burn with disruption of the soft tissue through the nerve root. They are typically painless, with the exception of the penumbra, because of the lack of nerve stimulation.