Medical Tests Medical Tests Certifications NREMT Questions & Answers

• Question 181:

  Your patient is a 35-year-old trauma victim who is not breathing. You are unable to open the airway by means of the jaw thrust and suctioning. You should:

  A. Attempt a mouth-to-mask ventilation.

  B. Use the head-tilt/chin-lift technique.

  C. Ventilate with a bag-valve-mask unit.

  D. Insert an airway through a tracheostomy.

  Correct Answer: B

  Although the head-tilt/chin-lift is not ordinarily used on trauma patients because it interferes with spinal immobilization and alignment, opening the airway takes priority over all other considerations. Be sure to document your actions in the patient care report.

• Question 182:

  A danger of using a rigid suction catheter with infants and young children is that stimulating the back of the throat can:

  A. Cause changes in the heart rhythm.

  B. Be ineffective in suctioning.

  C. Lead to immediate vomiting.

  D. Cause the tongue to fall into the airway.

  Correct Answer: A

  When using a rigid catheter to suction infants and small children, take care not to touch the back of the throat, since stimulation here can cause bradycardia due to stimulation of the vagus nerve.

• Question 183:

  A 70-year-old patient is complaining of shortness of breath. She has a history of emphysema. You should

  A. Withhold oxygen, since these patients do not respond to oxygen.

  B. Withhold oxygen, because you could eliminate the hypoxic drive.

  C. Administer oxygen, because in most cases, the hypoxic drive will not be a problem.

  D. Withhold oxygen, because these patients become apneic if they receive high-flow oxygen.

  Correct Answer: C

  While it may be true that providing high levels of oxygen over prolonged time periods may cause the hypoxic drive to fail, it is a rare occurrence in the prehospital field. With the complaint of shortness of breath, it is better to ensure that the patient is fully oxygenated rather than taking a chance that she is hypoxic. The EMT-Basic is prepared to ventilate the patient if she goes into respiratory arrest due to the high levels of oxygen.

• Question 184:

  The first step in artificial ventilation with a bagvalve-mask unit in patients with no suspected trauma is to:

  A. Position the mask correctly on the face using both hands.

  B. Place the patient's head in a hyperextended, sniffing position.

  C. Insert an airway adjunct and select the correct mask size.

  D. Have an assistant squeeze the bag until the patient's chest rises.

  Correct Answer: B

  The correct order of steps would be b, c, a, d.

• Question 185:

  Cardiac arrest in children is most often caused by:

  A. Chest trauma.

  B. Respiratory compromise.

  C. Hypovolemia.

  D. Irregular rhythm.

  Correct Answer: B

  The most common complication causing pediatric cardiac arrest is inadequate breathing or other respiratory compromise.

• Question 186:

  Paradoxical motion of the chest during exhalation is often caused by what type of injury?

  A. Larynx

  B. Criciod Cartilage

  C. Epiglottis

  D. Diaphragm

  Correct Answer: C

  A Flail Chest occurs when multiple adjacent ribs are broken in multiple places, separating a segment, so a part of the chest wall moves independently. This independent movement is known as Paradoxical motion.

• Question 187:

  An intervention for someone who is apneic would be?

  A. Oropharyngeal Airway

  B. BVM Mask

  C. Intubation

  D. All of the above

  Correct Answer: D

  Some one who is apneic is not breathing there fore any or all of the above would be correct interventions to help this patient.

• Question 188:

  A spontaneous pneumothorax is ?

  A. More common is women than men

  B. Caused by an impact to the chest that penetrates the lung

  C. A sudden accumulation of air in the pleural space

  D. Only seen in people with COPD

  Correct Answer: C

  Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly seen in COPD Patients, but can also be caused by a rupture of certain types of blisters in the lung.

• Question 189:

  Medical control has ordered you to assist a patient with a metered dose inhaler. Before assisting this patient you must ensure what?

  A. Its not leaking

  B. It is there medication and is within the expiration date

  C. They are not choking

  D. The hospital has more of the same medication for arrival

  Correct Answer: B

  Before assisting anyone with a metered dose inhaler you must make sure it is there medication and is not out of date.

• Question 190:

  The Sellick's maneuver is designed to:

  A. Reduce the risk of vomiting

  B. Move the vallecula into view

  C. Move the carina into view

  D. Collapse the trachea

  Correct Answer: A

  The Sellick's maneuver is designed to reduce the risk of vomiting during intubation by directly collapsing the esophagus, in addition it can also help bring the vocal cords into view.