The development team created a new branch with code changes that a Linux administrator needs to pull from the remote repository. When the administrator looks for the branch in Git, the branch in question is not visible. Which of the following commands should the Linux administrator run to refresh the branch information?
A. git fetch
B. git checkout
C. git clone
D. git branch
Correct Answer: A
The git fetch command downloads commits, files, and refs from a remote repository into the local one. It also updates the remote-tracking branches, which are references to the state of the remote branches. By running git fetch, the administrator can see the new branch created by the development team and then use git checkout to switch to it12. References: 1: Git - git-fetch Documentation 2: Git Fetch | Atlassian Git Tutorial
Question 122:
A systems administrator is encountering performance issues. The administrator runs 3 commands with the following output
The Linux server has the following system properties
CPU: 4 vCPU Memory: 50GB
Which of the following accurately describes this situation?
A. The system is under CPU pressure and will require additional vCPUs
B. The system has been running for over a year and requires a reboot.
C. Too many users are currently logged in to the system
D. The system requires more memory
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Based on the output of the image sent by the user, the system is under CPU pressure and will require additional vCPUs. The output shows that there are four processes running upload.sh scripts that are consuming a high percentage of CPU time (99.7%, 99.6%, 99.5%, and 99.4%). The output also shows that the system has only 4 vCPUs, which means that each process is using almost one entire vCPU. This indicates that the system is struggling to handle the CPU load and may experience performance issues or slowdowns. Adding more vCPUs to the system would help to alleviate the CPU pressure and improve the system performance. The system has not been running for over a year, as the uptime command shows that it has been up for only 1 day, 2 hours, and 13 minutes. The number of users logged in to the system is not relevant to the performance issue, as they are not consuming significant CPU resources. The system does not require more memory, as the free command shows that it has plenty of available memory (49 GB total, 48 GB free). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter
15: Managing Memory and Process Execution, pages 468-469.
Question 123:
A Linux administrator has set up a new DNS forwarder and is configuring all internal servers to use the new forwarder to look up external DNS requests. The administrator needs to modify the firewall on the server for the DNS forwarder to allow the internal servers to communicate to it and make the changes persistent between server reboots. Which of the following commands should be run on the DNS forwarder server to accomplish this task?
A. ufw allow out dns
B. systemct1 reload firewalld
C. iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -ra udp -dport 53 -j ACCEPT
D. flrewall-cmd --zone-public --add-port-53/udp --permanent
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The command that should be run on the DNS forwarder server to accomplish the task is firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=53/udp --permanent. The firewall-cmd command is a tool for managing firewalld, which is a firewall service that provides dynamic and persistent network security on Linux systems. The firewalld uses zones and services to define the rules and policies for the network traffic. The zones are logical groups of network interfaces and sources that have the same level of trust and security. The services are predefined sets of ports and protocols that are associated with certain applications or functions. The --zone=public option specifies the zone name that the rule applies to. The public zone is the default zone that represents the untrusted network, such as the internet. The --add-port=53/udp option adds a port and protocol to the zone. The 53 is the port number that is used by the DNS service. The udp is the protocol that is used by the DNS service. The --permanent option makes the change persistent across reboots. The command firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=53/udp --permanent will modify the firewall on the server for the DNS forwarder to allow the internal servers to communicate to it and make the changes persistent between server reboots. This is the correct command to use to accomplish the task. The other options are incorrect because they either do not modify the firewall on the server for the DNS forwarder (ufw allow out dns or systemct1 reload firewalld) or do not use the correct syntax for the command (iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -ra udp -dport 53 -j ACCEPT instead of iptables -A OUTPUT - p udp -ra udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 12: Managing Network Connections, page 392.
Question 124:
A new Linux systems administrator just generated a pair of SSH keys that should allow connection to the servers. Which of the following commands can be used to copy a key file to remote servers? (Choose two.)
A. wget
B. ssh-keygen
C. ssh-keyscan
D. ssh-copy-id
E. ftpd
F. scp
Correct Answer: DF
Explanation: The commands ssh-copy-id and scp can be used to copy a key file to remote servers. The command ssh-copy-id copies the public key to the authorized_keys file on the remote server, which allows the user to log in without a password. The command scp copies files securely over SSH, which can be used to transfer the key file to any location on the remote server. The other options are incorrect because they are not related to copying key files. The command wget downloads files from the web, the command ssh-keygen generates key pairs, the command ssh-keyscan collects public keys from remote hosts, and the command ftpd is a FTP server daemon. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 13: Managing Network Services, pages 408-410.
Question 125:
An administrator needs to increase the system priority of a process with PID 2274. Which of the following commands should the administrator use to accomplish this task?
A. renice --n --15 2274
B. nice -15 2274
C. echo "--15" > /proc/PID/2274/priority
D. ps --ef I grep 2274
Correct Answer: A
The renice command is used to change the priority of a running process by specifying its PID and the new nice value. The -n flag indicates the amount of change in the nice value, which can be positive or negative. A lower nice value means a
higher priority, so -15 will increase the priority of the process with PID 2274. The administrator needs to have root privileges to do this.
References:
The renice command is listed as one of the commands to manipulate process priority in the web search result 1.
The renice command is also explained with examples in the web search result 2. The CompTIA Linux+ Certification Exam Objectives mention that the candidate should be able to "manage process execution priorities" as part of the System
Operation and Maintenance domain1.
Question 126:
A Linux administrator needs to redirect all HTTP traffic temporarily to the new proxy server 192.0.2.25 on port 3128. Which of the following commands will accomplish this task?
B. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p top --dport 81 -j DNAT -to-destination 192.0.2.25:3129
C. iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p top --sport 80 -j DNAT -to-destination 192.0.2.25:3129
D. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT -to-destination 192.0.2.25:3128
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The command iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT -- to-destination 192.0.2.25:3128 adds a rule to the nat table that redirects all incoming TCP packets with destination port 80 (HTTP) to the proxy server
192.0.2.25 on port 3128. This is the correct way to achieve the task. The other options are incorrect because they either delete a rule (-D), use the wrong protocol (top instead of tcp), or use the wrong port (81 instead of 80). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 12: Managing Network Connections, page 381.
Question 127:
A systems administrator wants to check for running containers. Which of the following commands can be used to show this information?
A. docker pull
B. docker stats
C. docker ps
D. docker list
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The command that can be used to check for running containers is docker ps. The docker ps command can list all the containers that are currently running on the system. To show all the containers, including those that are
stopped, the administrator can use docker ps -a ? References:
[CompTIA Linux+ Study Guide], Chapter 11: Working with Containers, Section:
Managing Containers with Docker
[Docker PS Command with Examples]
Question 128:
A systems administrator was tasked with assigning the temporary IP address/netmask 192.168.168.1/255.255.255.255 to the interface eth0 of a Linux server.
When adding the address, the following error appears:
# ip address add 192.168.168.1/33 dev eth0
Error: any valid prefix is expected rather than "192.168.168.1/33".
Based on the command and its output above, which of the following is the cause of the issue?
A. The CIDR value /33 should be /32 instead.
B. There is no route to 192.168.168.1/33.
C. The interface eth0 does not exist.
D. The IP address 192.168.168.1 is already in use.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The cause of the issue is that the CIDR value /33 is invalid for an IPv4 address. The CIDR value represents the number of bits in the network prefix of an IP address, and it can range from 0 to 32 for IPv4 addresses. A CIDR value of /33 would imply a network prefix of more than 32 bits, which is impossible for an IPv4 address. To assign a temporary IP address/netmask of 192.168.168.1/255.255.255.255 to eth0, the CIDR value should be /32 instead, which means a network prefix of 32 bits and a host prefix of 0 bits. There is no route to 192.168.168.1/33 is not the cause of the issue, as the ip address add command does not check the routing table. The interface eth0 does not exist is not the cause of the issue, as the ip address add command would display a different error message if the interface does not exist. The IP address 192.168.168.1 is already in use is not the cause of the issue, as the ip address add command would display a different error message if the IP address is already in use. References: [CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide], Chapter 13: Networking Fundamentals, page 435.
Question 129:
A Linux system is failing to boot with the following error: Which of the following actions will resolve this issue? (Choose two.)
A. Execute grub-install --root-directory=/mnt and reboot.
B. Execute grub-install /dev/sdX and reboot.
C. Interrupt the boot process in the GRUB menu and add rescue to the kernel line.
D. Fix the partition modifying /etc/default/grub and reboot.
E. Interrupt the boot process in the GRUB menu and add single to the kernel line.
F. Boot the system on a LiveCD/ISO.
Correct Answer: BF
Explanation: The administrator should do the following two actions to resolve the issue:
Boot the system on a LiveCD/ISO. This is necessary to access the system and repair the boot loader. A LiveCD/ISO is a bootable media that contains a Linux distribution that can run without installation. The administrator can boot the system
from the LiveCD/ISO and mount the root partition of the system to a temporary directory, such as /mnt.
Execute grub-install /dev/sdX and reboot. This will reinstall the GRUB boot loader to the disk device, where sdX is the device name of the disk, such as sda or sdb. The GRUB boot loader is a program that runs when the system is powered on
and allows the user to choose which operating system or kernel to boot. The issue is caused by a corrupted or missing GRUB boot loader, which prevents the system from booting. The command grub-install will restore the GRUB boot loader
and fix the issue.
The other options are incorrect because they either do not fix the boot loader (interrupt the boot process in the GRUB menu or fix the partition modifying /etc/default/grub) or do not use the correct syntax (grub-install --root-directory=/mnt
instead of grub-install /dev/sdX or rescue or single instead of recovery in the GRUB menu). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 8:
Managing the Linux Boot Process, pages 265-266.
Question 130:
A cloud engineer is asked to copy the file deployment.yaml from a container to the host where the container is running. Which of the following commands can accomplish this task?
A. docker cp container_id/deployment.yaml deployment.yaml
B. docker cp container_id:/deployment.yaml deployment.yaml
C. docker cp deployment.yaml local://deployment.yaml
D. docker cp container_id/deployment.yaml local://deployment.yaml
Correct Answer: B
The command docker cp container_id:/deployment.yaml deployment.yaml can accomplish the task of copying the file deployment.yaml from a container to the host. The docker command is a tool for managing Docker containers and images. The cp option copies files or directories between a container and the local filesystem. The container_id is the identifier of the container, which can be obtained by using the docker ps command. The /deployment.yaml is the path of the file in the container, which must be preceded by a slash. The deployment.yaml is the path of the file on the host, which can be relative or absolute. The command docker cp container_id:/deployment.yaml deployment.yaml will copy the file deployment.yaml from the container to the current working directory on the host. This is the correct command to use to accomplish the task. The other options are incorrect because they either use the wrong syntax (docker cp container_id/ deployment.yaml deployment.yaml or docker cp container_id/deployment.yaml local://deployment.yaml) or do not exist (docker cp deployment.yaml local://deployment.yaml). References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 19: Managing Cloud and Virtualization Technologies, page 567.
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