CompTIA CompTIA Certifications CLO-002 Questions & Answers

• Question 151:

  An organization has experienced repeated occurrences of system configurations becoming incorrect over time. After implementing corrections on all system configurations across the enterprise, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) purchased an automated tool that will monitor system configurations and identify any deviations. In the future, whic' if th following should be used to identify incorrectly configured systems?

  A. Baseline

  B. Gap analysis

  C. Benchmark

  D. Current and future requirements

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: A baseline is a standard or reference point that is used to measure and compare the current state of a system or process. A baseline can be established for various aspects of a system, such as performance, security, configuration, functionality, or quality. A baseline can help to identify deviations, anomalies, or changes that occur over time, and to evaluate the impact of those changes on the system or process. A baseline can also help to restore a system or process to its original or desired state, by providing a reference for corrective actions. In this case, the organization has experienced repeated occurrences of system configurations becoming incorrect over time, which can affect the security, reliability, and functionality of the systems. After implementing corrections on all system configurations across the enterprise, the CISO purchased an automated tool that will monitor system configurations and identify any deviations. In the future, the organization should use a baseline to identify incorrectly configured systems, by comparing the current system configurations with the baseline system configurations that were established after the corrections. A baseline can help the organization to detect and prevent configuration drift, which is the gradual but unintentional divergence of a system's actual configuration settings from its secure baseline configuration. A baseline can also help the organization to apply configuration management, which is the process of planning, identifying, controlling, and verifying the configuration of a system or process throughout its lifecycle. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 4: Cloud Security, Section 4.2: Cloud Security Concepts, Page 153. What a Baseline Configuration Is and How to Prevent Configuration Drift - Netwrix1 Configuration Baselines

  -AcqNotes2

• Question 152:

  A business analysis team is reviewing a report to try to determine the costs for a cloud application. The report does not allow separating costs by application.

  Which of the following should the team use to BEST report on the costs of the specific cloud application?

  A. Right-sizing

  B. Content management

  C. Optimization

  D. Resource tagging

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Resource tagging is a method of assigning metadata to cloud resources, such as instances, volumes, buckets, databases, etc. Resource tagging can help identify, organize, and manage cloud resources based on various criteria,

  such as name, purpose, owner, environment, or cost center1. Resource tagging can also help track and report the costs of cloud resources, as the cloud service provider can generate billing and cost management reports based on the tags

  applied to the resources2. Resource tagging is the best option for the business analysis team to report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it would enable them to separate and filter the costs by the application tag. Right-sizing is

  a technique of adjusting the size and type of cloud resources to match the actual needs and usage patterns of an application3. Right-sizing can help optimize the performance and cost of cloud resources, but it does not directly help report on

  the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application.

  Content management is a process of creating, storing, organizing, and delivering digital content, such as documents, images, videos, etc. Content management can help manage the lifecycle and accessibility of digital content, but it does not

  directly help report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application.

  Optimization is a process of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cloud resources, such as by reducing waste, increasing performance, or enhancing security4. Optimization can help improve the quality and value of cloud resources,

  but it does not directly help report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 5: Cloud

  Resource Management, pages 187-188.

• Question 153:

  An architect recently discovered new opportunities the cloud can provide to the company. A business analyst is currently working with the architect to document the business use-case scenarios. Which of the following should be the architect's NEXT step?

  A. Initialize a PoC.

  B. Conduct a feasibility study.

  C. Perform a gap analysis.

  D. Gather cloud requirements.

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: After documenting the business use-case scenarios, the architect's next step should be to conduct a feasibility study. A feasibility study is an analysis of the viability and suitability of a proposed solution or project, such as migrating to the cloud. A feasibility study evaluates the technical, operational, financial, legal, and ethical aspects of the solution, as well as the risks and benefits involved. A feasibility study helps the architect to determine if the solution is feasible, desirable, and achievable, and to identify any potential issues or challenges that may arise1. A feasibility study is one of the key components of a cloud assessment, which is a process of evaluating the readiness and suitability of an organization for cloud adoption1. A proof of concept (PoC) is a demonstration or prototype of a solution that shows how it works and what it can achieve. A PoC is usually done after a feasibility study, when the solution has been proven to be feasible and the requirements have been defined1. A gap analysis is a comparison of the current state and the desired state of a process, system, or organization. A gap analysis identifies the gaps or differences between the two states, and the actions or resources needed to close them. A gap analysis is usually done after a feasibility study and a PoC, when the solution has been validated and the goals have been established1. Gathering cloud requirements is the process of collecting and analyzing the needs and expectations of the stakeholders for the cloud solution. Gathering cloud requirements is usually done after a feasibility study and before a PoC, when the solution has been confirmed to be feasible and the scope has been defined1. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification | CompTIA IT Certifications, The New CompTIA Cloud Essentials+: Setting the Foundation For Vendor-specific IT Certifications, CompTIA Cloud Essentials CLO-002 Certification Study Guide

• Question 154:

  Which of the following policies dictates when to grant certain read/write permissions?

  A. Access control

  B. Communications

  C. Department-specific

  D. Security

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Access control is a policy that dictates when to grant certain read/write permissions to users or systems. Access control is a key component of information security, as it ensures that only authorized and authenticated users can access the data and resources they need, and prevents unauthorized access or modification of data and resources1. Access control policies can be based on various factors, such as identity, role, location, time, or context2. Communications, department-specific, and security policies are not directly related to granting read/write permissions, although they may have some implications for access control. Communications policies are policies that define how information is exchanged and communicated within or outside an organization, such as the use of email, social media, or encryption3. Department-specific policies are policies that apply to specific functions or units within an organization, such as human resources, finance, or marketing. Security policies are policies that establish the overall goals and objectives of information security in an organization, such as the protection of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and systems. References: Access Control Policy and Implementation Guides | CSRC; What Is Access Control? | Microsoft Security; Communication Policy - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes; [Departmental Policies and Procedures Manual Template | Policies and Procedures Manual Template]; [Security Policy - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics].

• Question 155:

  For security reasons, a cloud service that can be accessed from anywhere would make BEST use of:

  A. replication.

  B. multifactor authentication.

  C. single sign-on.

  D. data locality

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Multifactor authentication is a security method that requires users to provide more than one piece of evidence to verify their identity before accessing a cloud service. For example, users may need to enter a password, a code sent to their phone or email, a biometric scan, or a physical token. Multifactor authentication can enhance the security of a cloud service that can be accessed from anywhere, as it can prevent unauthorized access even if the password is compromised or stolen. Multifactor authentication can also protect the cloud service from phishing, brute force, or replay attacks, as well as comply with regulatory or industry standards. Multifactor authentication is different from other options, such as replication, single sign-on, or data locality. Replication is the process of copying data or resources across multiple locations, such as regions, zones, or data centers, to improve availability, performance, or backup. Single sign-on is a user authentication method that allows users to access multiple cloud services with one set of credentials, such as username and password. Data locality is the principle of storing data close to where it is used, such as in the same region, country, or jurisdiction, to improve performance, security, or compliance. While these options may also have some benefits for a cloud service that can be accessed from anywhere, they do not directly address the security concern, which is the focus of the question. References : What is MFA? - Multi-Factor Authentication and 2FA Explained - AWS, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for IAM - aws.amazon.com, Multi-Factor Authentication and Single Sign-On | Duo Security

• Question 156:

  An incident response team requires documentation for an email phishing campaign against a company's email server. Which of the following is the BEST resource to use to start the investigation?

  A. Audit and system logs

  B. Change management procedures

  C. Departmental policies

  D. Standard operating procedures

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Audit and system logs are the best resource to use to start the investigation of an email phishing campaign against a company's email server. Audit and system logs are records of events and activities that occur on a system or a network, such as user login, file access, configuration changes, or network traffic. Audit and system logs can help an incident response team to identify the source, scope, and impact of the phishing attack, as well as to collect evidence, trace the attack steps, and determine the root cause. Audit and system logs can also help the incident response team to evaluate the security posture and controls of the email server, and to recommend remediation and mitigation actions12 References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives3, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 7: Cloud Security, Cloud Essentials+ Certification Trainin

• Question 157:

  Which of the following is MOST likely to use a CDN?

  A. Realty listing website

  B. Video streaming service

  C. Email service provider

  D. Document management system

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: A CDN (content delivery network) is a network of distributed servers that store and deliver content to users based on their geographic location and network conditions. A CDN can improve the performance, availability, scalability, and security of web-based applications and services by reducing the latency, bandwidth, and load on the origin server. A CDN is most likely to be used by a video streaming service, which typically involves large amounts of data, high demand, and diverse audiences. A video streaming service can benefit from using a CDN by caching and streaming the video content from the nearest or best-performing server to the user, thus enhancing the user experience and reducing the cost and complexity of the service. A realty listing website is a web-based application that allows users to search, view, and compare properties for sale or rent. A realty listing website may use a CDN to improve the performance and availability of the website, especially if it has a large number of images, videos, or other media files. However, a realty listing website is not as likely to use a CDN as a video streaming service, since the content is not as dynamic, the demand is not as high, and the audience is not as diverse. An email service provider is a company that offers email hosting, management, and delivery services to users. An email service provider may use a CDN to improve the security and reliability of the email service, especially if it has a large number of users, messages, or attachments. However, an email service provider is not as likely to use a CDN as a video streaming service, since the content is not as public, the performance is not as critical, and the location is not as relevant. A document management system is a software application that allows users to create, store, organize, and share documents. A document management system may use a CDN to improve the scalability and accessibility of the document storage and retrieval, especially if it has a large number of documents, users, or collaborators. However, a document management system is not as likely to use a CDN as a video streaming service, since the content is not as large, the demand is not as variable, and the audience is not as global. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, page 165- 166; CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Training, CertMaster Learn for Cloud Essentials+, Module 4: Management and Technical Operations, Lesson 4.2: Cloud Networking, Topic 4.2.4: Content Delivery Networks

• Question 158:

  Which of the following is a limitation of the SaaS cloud model?

  A. Users cannot choose the global location where their data will be stored

  B. It does not support integration with pre-existing identity engines.

  C. It does not scale to allow additional users.

  D. Users do not have full control over the software version and roadmap of the cloud solution.

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: One of the limitations of the SaaS cloud model is that users do not have full control over the software version and roadmap of the cloud solution. This means that users have to rely on the vendor to provide updates, patches, bug fixes, and new features for the software, and they may not be able to choose when or how to implement them. Users may also face compatibility issues with other applications or services if the vendor changes the software without prior notice or consultation. Users may also have limited or no access to the underlying code or configuration of the software, which may restrict their ability to customize or optimize the software for their specific needs. References: Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 1: Cloud Principles and Design, Section 1.2: Compare and contrast cloud service models, p. 23. SaaS vs PaaS vs IaaS: What's The Difference and How To Choose, SaaS Limitations and Concerns. What Is SaaS Advantages and Disadvantages | Cloud Computing | CompTIA, Disadvantages of SaaS.

• Question 159:

  Which of the following aspects of cloud design enables a customer to continue doing business after a major data center incident?

  A. Replication

  B. Disaster recovery

  C. Scalability

  D. Autoscaling

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Disaster recovery is the aspect of cloud design that enables a customer to continue doing business after a major data center incident. Disaster recovery is the process of restoring and resuming the normal operations of IT systems and services after a disaster, such as a natural calamity, a cyberattack, a power outage, or a human error1. Disaster recovery involves creating and storing backup copies of critical data and workloads in a secondary location or multiple locations, which are known as disaster recovery sites. A disaster recovery site can be a physical data center or a cloud-based platform2. Disaster recovery in cloud computing offers many advantages, such as34: Cost-effectiveness: Cloud disaster recovery eliminates the need to invest in and maintain expensive hardware, software, and facilities for the secondary site. Cloud disaster recovery also allows customers to pay only for the resources they use, and to scale up or down as needed. Reliability: Cloud disaster recovery ensures that the backup data and workloads are always available and accessible from any location and device. Cloud disaster recovery also leverages the security, performance, and redundancy features of the cloud provider to protect the data and workloads from corruption, loss, or theft. Flexibility: Cloud disaster recovery enables customers to choose from different cloud service models and deployment options, such as public, private, hybrid, or multicloud, depending on their business needs and preferences. Cloud disaster recovery also allows customers to customize and automate their recovery plans and policies, such as recovery point objective (RPO) and recovery time objective (RTO). References: What is Disaster Recovery and Why Is It Important? - Google Cloud, What is Disaster Recovery and Why Is It Important? Disaster Recovery In Cloud Computing: What, How, And Why - NAKIVO, Cloud Disaster Recovery vs. Traditional Disaster Recovery. Benefits of Disaster Recovery in Cloud Computing - NAKIVO, Benefits of Cloud- Based Disaster Recovery. Cloud Disaster Recovery (Cloud DR): What It Is and How It Works

  -phoenixNAP, Benefits of Cloud Disaster Recovery.

• Question 160:

  Before conducting a cloud migration, a compliance team requires confirmation that sensitive data will remain close to their users. Which of the following will meet this requirement during the cloud design phase?

  A. Data locality

  B. Data classification

  C. Data certification

  D. Data validation

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Data locality is the principle of storing data close to where it is used, such as in the same region, country, or jurisdiction. Data locality can improve the performance, security, and compliance of cloud applications, especially when dealing with sensitive data that is subject to legal or regulatory requirements. Data locality can also reduce the network latency and bandwidth costs associated with transferring data across long distances. Data locality can be achieved by choosing a cloud provider that has data centers in the desired locations, and by specifying the data placement and migration policies in the cloud design phase. Data locality is different from data classification, data certification, and data validation. Data classification is the process of categorizing data based on its sensitivity, value, and risk. Data certification is the process of verifying that data meets certain standards or criteria. Data validation is the process of checking that data is accurate, complete, and consistent. References: Data Locality - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics, Data Locality: What It Is and Why It Matters - Qumulo, Cloud Computing Design Principles - CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ (CLO-002) Cert Guide