Medical Tests Medical Tests Certifications NREMT Questions & Answers

• Question 161:

  The correct flow of blood through the heart and lungs is...?

  A. Inferior/superior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

  B. Aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, Inferior/superior vena cavae

  C. Inferior/superior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, aorta, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle

  D. Right atrium, right ventricle, Inferior/superior vena cavae, lungs, aorta, left ventricle, left atrium

  Correct Answer: A

  Blood enters the heart through the Inferior/superior vena cavae, to the right atrium, then the right ventricle. It then goes to the lungs through the pulmonary vein, returning through the left atrium, then the left ventricle, leaving through the aorta.

• Question 162:

  The normal heart rate for a child over the age of 6 is:

  A. 140- 160

  B. 120- 140

  C. 100- 120

  D. 80- 100

  Correct Answer: D

  The normal heart rate for a newborn is 140- 160 and an infant's is 120- 140 beats per minutes. Children between the ages of 1-6 have a heart rate of 100- 120, while children over the age of 6 have a heart rate of 80- 100 BPM

• Question 163:

  The normal heart rate for a child between the ages of 1-6:

  A. 140- 160

  B. 120- 140

  C. 100- 120

  D. 80- 100

  Correct Answer: C

  The normal heart rate for a newborn is 140- 160 and an infant's is 120- 140 beats per minutes. Children between the ages of 1-6 have a heart rate of 100- 120, while children over the age of 6 have a heart rate of 80- 100 BPM.

• Question 164:

  The normal heart rate for a newborn is:

  A. 140 - 160

  B. 120 - 140

  C. 100 - 120

  D. 80 - 100

  Correct Answer: A

• Question 165:

  The single largest cause of death for Americans is/are:

  A. Coronary heart disease.

  B. Chronic obstructive airway disease.

  C. Cancer.

  D. Traumatic injuries.

  Correct Answer: A

  Coronary heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the number one threat to American health, killing an estimated 466,000 persons annually. While some predisposition to coronary heart disease is non-modifiable, many of the risk factors are behaviors that can be changed (e.g., obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking). While chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and traumatic injuries represent major health problems, they do not claim lives on the magnitude that does coronary heart disease.

• Question 166:

  You are treating a 49-year-old patient who complains of an intense pain between his shoulder blades radiating to his lower back. Pain began 10 minutes prior to your arrival while he was eating and has been constant. He rates the pain as a 10 out of 10. Pain is described as a sharp, tearing pain. He has no significant past medical history. Blood pressure is 130/76 mm Hg in the right arm and 78/48 mm Hg in the left arm, radial pulse in his right arm is 98 beats per minute and regular, and respiratory rate is 20 per minute and non-labored. What condition would you most likely suspect?

  A. Myocardial infarction

  B. Angina pectoris

  C. Aortic dissection

  D. Congestive heart failure

  Correct Answer: C

  Differing blood pressures in each arm, as well as the description of a sharp, tearing pain between the shoulder blades, may indicate an aortic dissection. This is a definite medical emergency that warrants immediate transport to the emergency department.

• Question 167:

  You are called to a nursing home for a patient with swelling to her legs. Upon arrival, you find a 76-yearold patient sitting in a wheelchair. Assessment confirms pitting edema to both lower legs. You are able to palpate a dorsalis pedal pulse bilaterally. Her skin is warm, pink, and dry. Her lungs are clear bilaterally. Which of the following conditions do you suspect?

  A. Deep vein thrombosis.

  B. Bilateral acute arterial occlusion.

  C. Atherosclerosis.

  D. Chronic CHF.

  Correct Answer: D

  Edema to the legs or sacrum are often a result of right-sided congestive heart failure. Often, there may also be jugular vein distention and ascites present as well. The most common cause of right-sided heart failure is left-sided heart failure; therefore, you may also note signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure such as a dry, hacking cough, or coughing up pink frothy sputum, shortness of breath, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and fatigue

• Question 168:

  Your patient is a 32-year-old male who was complaining of a severe, crushing feeling in the center of his chest and shortness of breath that began while he was mowing his lawn 45 minutes prior to your arrival. He is now only responding to painful stimuli. Presently, his minute ventilation is still adequate, his pulse oximeter reads 95% on room air, and you find his skin to be pale, cool, and diaphoretic. What would be your initial action?

  A. 12- 15 liters oxygen by nonrebreather.

  B. 325 mg aspirin.

  C. 4-6 liters oxygen by nasal cannula.

  D. Sublingual nitroglycerin.

  Correct Answer: A

  High flow oxygen would be indicated with extreme shortness of breath during the initial assessment, so long as ventilations are adequate. If the patient is breathing inadequately then positive pressure ventilation with oxygen should be immediately instituted.

• Question 169:

  You are dispatched to a residence for a 46-year-old female patient complaining of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping. She states that the onset occurred shortly after eating some cheesecake. Her only medical history is lactose intolerance. Her blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg. Her radial pulse is 94 beats per minute and her respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute. She vomited two times prior to your arrival. From what condition is this patient most likely suffering?

  A. Gastrointestinal reflux disease

  B. Diverticulitis

  C. Peptic ulcer disease

  D. Acute gastroenteritis

  Correct Answer: D

  Acute gastroenteritis may be caused by bacterial or viral ingestion, toxic ingestion, or ingestion of lactose in a lactose intolerant patient. Signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping

• Question 170:

  Which are not blood components which are responsible for clot formation?

  A. Platelets

  B. Plaque

  C. Thrombin

  D. Fibrin

  Correct Answer: B

  Plaque is actually the build up of fatty deposits on the artery walls which narrow and harden the arteries. While a clot often forms around plaque, especially around a plaque rupture, it is not a part of the clotting process. Platelets are the flat disks which stick together forming the thrombus. Fibrin is the small strands of fiber which make up the frame work of the clot making it stronger, like reinforcing rods in concrete. Thrombin is the protein chemo activator which signals the formation of a clotting process.