Emerging risk factors for CAD include
A. Advancing age, family history, and male sex.
B. Impaired fasting glucose, obesity, and hypertension.
C. Lipoprotein(a), advancing age, and male sex.
D. Homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and fibrinogen.
All of the following risk factors for CAD can be modified by a regular and appropriate exercise training program EXCEPT
A. Advancing age.
B. DM.
C. Hypertension.
D. HDL cholesterol.
Metabolic syndrome (also referred to a syndrome X or the deadly quartet) is comprised of
A. Elevated TC, obesity, diabetes, and physical inactivity.
B. Central obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol, diabetes, and physical inactivity.
C. Low HDL cholesterol, cigarette smoking, hypertension, and physical inactivity.
D. Central obesity, elevated triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and insulin resistance.
Which statement below best describes the condition of asthma?
A. Narrowing of the bronchial airways.
B. Alveolar destruction.
C. Ventilatory dead space.
D. Respiratory muscular atrophy.
Body fat appears to be most dangerous when
A. Weight for height exceeds 20% above recommended.
B. It exceeds 25% for males and 30% for females.
C. Central (android) obesity is present.
D. The BMI exceeds 25
All of the following are considered possible causes of restrictive lung disease EXCEPT
A. Scoliosis.
B. Obesity.
C. Muscular dystrophy.
D. Cigarette smoke.
A sedentary lifestyle
A. Has a risk similar to that of hypertension, high cholesterol, and cigarette smoking.
B. Increases HDL cholesterol.
C. Increases the sensitivity to insulin.
D. Has little influence on post-MI mortality rates.
An embolism
A. Can increase pulmonary vascular resistance.
B. Is excessive fluid retention.
C. Can be triggered by a chemical mediator (e.g., histamine).
D. Is an outward bulging of the ventricularwall.
A possible mechanism by which chronic exercise training may reduce resting blood pressure in hypertensive individuals is through
A. An increase in plasmarenin.
B. A higher cardiac output.
C. A reduced heart rate.
D. A lower stroke volume.
A classic sign of subendocardial ischemia is
A. Angina.
B. ST -segment depression.
C. ST-segment elevation.
D. A pathologic Q wave.
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