CompTIA CompTIA Certifications CS0-003 Questions & Answers

• Question 441:

  A security analyst received a malicious binary file to analyze. Which of the following is the best technique to perform the analysis?

  A. Code analysis

  B. Static analysis

  C. Reverse engineering

  D. Fuzzing

  Correct Answer: C

  Reverse engineering is a technique that involves analyzing a binary file to understand its structure, functionality, and behavior. Reverse engineering can help security analysts perform malware analysis, vulnerability research, exploit development, and software debugging. Reverse engineering can be done using various tools, such as disassemblers, debuggers, decompilers, and hex editors.

• Question 442:

  Which of the following is the best action to take after the conclusion of a security incident to improve incident response in the future?

  A. Develop a call tree to inform impacted users

  B. Schedule a review with all teams to discuss what occurred

  C. Create an executive summary to update company leadership

  D. Review regulatory compliance with public relations for official notification

  Correct Answer: B

  One of the best actions to take after the conclusion of a security incident to improve incident response in the future is to schedule a review with all teams to discuss what occurred, what went well, what went wrong, and what can be improved. This review is also known as a lessons learned session or an after-action report. The purpose of this review is to identify the root causes of the incident, evaluate the effectiveness of the incident response process, document any gaps or weaknesses in the security controls, and recommend corrective actions or preventive measures for future incidents. Official https://www.eccouncil.org/cybersecurity-exchange/threatintelligence/ cyber-kill-chain-seven-steps-cyberattack/

• Question 443:

  The security team reviews a web server for XSS and runs the following Nmap scan:

  

  Which of the following most accurately describes the result of the scan?

  A. An output of characters > and " as the parameters used m the attempt

  B. The vulnerable parameter ID hccp://l72.31.15.2.php?id-2 and unfiltered characters returned

  C. The vulnerable parameter and unfiltered or encoded characters passed > and " as unsafe

  D. The vulnerable parameter and characters > and " with a reflected XSS attempt

  Correct Answer: D

  A cross-site scripting (XSS) attack is a type of web application attack that injects malicious code into a web page that is then executed by the browser of a victim user. A reflected XSS attack is a type of XSS attack where the malicious code is embedded in a URL or a form parameter that is sent to the web server and then reflected back t" case, the Nmap scan shows that the web server is vulnerable to a reflected XSS attack, as it returns the characters > and " without any filtering or encoding. The vulnerable parameter is id in the URL http:/.31.15.2.php?id=2.

• Question 444:

  An analyst is reviewing a vulnerability report and must make recommendations to the executive team. The analyst finds that most systems can be upgraded with a reboot resulting in a single downtime window. However, two of the critical systems cannot be upgraded due to a vendor appliance that the company does not have access to. Which of the following inhibitors to remediation do these systems and associated vulnerabilities best represent?

  A. Proprietary systems

  B. Legacy systems

  C. Unsupported operating systems

  D. Lack of maintenance windows

  Correct Answer: A

  Proprietary systems are systems that are owned and controlled by a specific vendor or manufacturer, and that use proprietary standards or protocols that are not compatible with other systems. Proprietary systems can pose a challenge for vulnerability management, as they may not allow users to access or modify their configuration, update their software, or patch their vulnerabilities. In this case, two of the critical systems cannot be upgraded due to a vendor appliance that the company does not have access to. This indicates that these systems and associated vulnerabilities are examples of proprietary systems as inhibitors to remediation

• Question 445:

  During security scanning, a security analyst regularly finds the same vulnerabilities in a critical application. Which of the following recommendations would best mitigate this problem if applied along the SDLC phase?

  A. Conduct regular red team exercises over the application in production

  B. Ensure that all implemented coding libraries are regularly checked

  C. Use application security scanning as part of the pipeline for the CI/CDflow

  D. Implement proper input validation for any data entry form

  Correct Answer: C

  Application security scanning is a process that involves testing and analyzing applications for security vulnerabilities, such as injection flaws, broken authentication, cross-site scripting, and insecure configuration. Application security scanning can help identify and fix security issues before they become exploitable by attackers. Using application security scanning as part of the pipeline for the continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) flow can help mitigate the problem of finding the same vulnerabilities in a critical application during security scanning. This is because application security scanning can be integrated into the development lifecycle and performed automatically and frequently as part of the CI/CD process.

• Question 446:

  An incident response analyst notices multiple emails traversing the network that target only the administrators of the company. The email contains a concealed URL that leads to an unknown website in another country. Which of the following best describes what is happening? (Choose two.)

  A. Beaconinq

  B. Domain Name System hijacking

  C. Social engineering attack

  D. On-path attack

  E. Obfuscated links

  F. Address Resolution Protocol poisoning

  Correct Answer: CE

  A social engineering attack is a type of cyberattack that relies on manipulating human psychology rather than exploiting technical vulnerabilities. A social engineering attack may involve deceiving, persuading, or coercing users into performing actions that benefit the attacker, such as clicking on malicious links, divulging sensitive information, or granting access to restricted resources. An obfuscated link is a link that has been disguised or altered to hide its true destination or purpose. Obfuscated links are often used by attackers to trick users into visiting malicious websites or downloading malware. In this case, an incident response analyst notices multiple emails traversing the network that target only the administrators of the company. The email contains a concealed URL that leads to an unknown website in another country. This indicates that the analyst is witnessing a social engineering attack using obfuscated links.

• Question 447:

  An analyst finds that an IP address outside of the company network that is being used to run network and vulnerability scans across external-facing assets. Which of the following steps of an attack framework is the analyst witnessing?

  A. Exploitation

  B. Reconnaissance

  C. Command and control

  D. Actions on objectives

  Correct Answer: B

  Reconnaissance is the first stage in the Cyber Kill Chain and involves researching potential targets before carrying out any penetration testing. The reconnaissance stage may include identifying potential targets, finding their vulnerabilities, discovering which third parties are connected to them (and what data they can access), and exploring existing entry points as well as finding new ones. Reconnaissance can take place both online and offline. In this case, an analyst finds that an IP address outside of the company network is being used to run network and vulnerability scans across external-facing assets. This indicates that the analyst is witnessing reconnaissance activity by an attacker. Official https:// www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/capabilities/cyber/cyber-killchain.html

• Question 448:

  An incident response team receives an alert to start an investigation of an internet outage. The outage is preventing all users in multiple locations from accessing external SaaS resources. The team determines the organization was impacted by a DDoS attack. Which of the following logs should the team review first?

  A. CDN

  B. Vulnerability scanner

  C. DNS

  D. Web server

  Correct Answer: C

  A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is a type of cyberattack that aims to overwhelm a "th a large volume of traffic from multiple sources. A common technique for launching a DDoS attack is to compromise DNS servers, which are responsible for resolving domain names into IP addresses. By flooding DNS servers with malicious requests, attackers can disrupt the normal functioning of the internet and prevent users from accessing external SaaS resources. Official https://www.eccouncil.org/cybersecurity-exchange/threatintelligence/ cyber-kill-chain-seven-steps-cyberattack/

• Question 449:

  A malicious actor has gained access to an internal network by means of social engineering. The actor does not want to lose access in order to continue the attack. Which of the following best describes the current stage of the Cyber Kill Chain that the threat actor is currently operating in?

  A. Weaponization

  B. Reconnaissance

  C. Delivery

  D. Exploitation

  Correct Answer: D

  The Cyber Kill Chain is a framework that describes the stages of a cyberattack from reconnaissance to actions on objectives. The exploitation stage is where attackers take advantage of the vulnerabilities they have discovered in previous stages to further infiltrate a" objectives. In this case, the malicious actor has gained access to an internal network by means of social engineering and does not want to lose access in order to continue the attack. This indicates that the actor is in the exploitation stage of the Cyber Kill Chain. Official Reference: https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/capabilities/cyber/cyber-kill-chain.html

• Question 450:

  The Chief Information Security Officer wants to eliminate and reduce shadow IT in the enterprise. Several high-risk cloud applications are used that increase the risk to the organization. Which of the following solutions will assist in reducing the risk?

  A. Deploy a CASB and enable policy enforcement

  B. Configure MFA with strict access

  C. Deploy an API gateway

  D. Enable SSO to the cloud applications

  Correct Answer: A

  A cloud access security broker (CASB) is a tool that can help reduce the risk of shadow IT in the enterprise by providing visibility and control over cloud applications and services. A CASB can enable policy enforcement by blocking unauthorized or risky cloud applications, enforcing data loss prevention rules, encrypting sensitive data, and detecting anomalous user behavior.