CompTIA CompTIA Certifications CLO-002 Questions & Answers

• Question 181:

  Which of the following is the BEST way to secure a web session to a hosted e-commerce website?

  A. SSL

  B. VPN

  C. Firewall

  D. DNS

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the best way to secure a web session to a hosted e-commerce website. SSL is a protocol that encrypts the data exchanged between a web browser and a web server, ensuring that no one can intercept, modify, or steal the information. SSL also provides authentication, which verifies the identity of the web server and the web browser, preventing impersonation or spoofing attacks. SSL is essential for e- commerce websites, as they handle sensitive data, such as credit card numbers, personal information, and login credentials, that need to be protected from hackers and cybercriminals. SSL also helps to build trust and confidence among customers, as they can see that the website is secure and legitimate. SSL can be recognized by the presence of a padlock icon and the HTTPS prefix in the web address. To enable SSL, e-commerce websites need to obtain and install an SSL certificate from a trusted certificate authority (CA), which is a third-party organization that issues and validates SSL certificates. SSL certificates can vary in price, validity, and level of security, depending on the type and provider of the certificate. Some web hosts and e-commerce platforms may offer free or discounted SSL certificates as part of their services. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 4: Cloud Security, Section 4.2: Cloud Security Concepts, Page 154. How to Secure Your E-Commerce Website: 6 Basic Steps1 eCommerce Security: A Complete Guide to Protect Your Store2

• Question 182:

  A contract that defines the quality and performance metrics that are agreeable to both parties is called an:

  A. SOP.

  B. SOA.

  C. SOW.

  D. SLA.

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: A service level agreement (SLA) is a contract that defines the quality and performance metrics that are agreeable to both parties. An SLA specifies the expectations and responsibilities of the service provider and the customer in terms of service availability, reliability, security, and responsiveness. An SLA also defines the penalties or remedies for non-compliance with the agreed-upon metrics. An SLA is a key component of cloud computing contracts, as it ensures that the cloud service provider delivers the service according to the customer's requirements and expectations12. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 3: Cloud Business Principles, Section 3.4: Cloud Service Agreements, p. 117-1181 What is SLA? - Service Level Agreement Explained - AWS 2

• Question 183:

  An online retailer wants to ensure its inventory for the holiday season is correct. The company does not have a large IT infrastructure or staff to collect and analyze sales information, customer analytics, marketing information, or trends. Which of the following cloud services will help the company analyze these metrics without a large investment in human capital?

  A. Containerization

  B. Big Data

  C. Microservices

  D. Blockchain

  Correct Answer: B

  Explanation: Big data is a term that describes the large volume, variety, and velocity of data that is generated by various sources, such as social media, e-commerce, sensors, etc. Big data can be analyzed using cloud-based tools and techniques, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, or data analytics, to gain insights and make informed decisions. Big data can help an online retailer to understand its customers' behavior, preferences, trends, and feedback, as well as optimize its inventory, marketing, pricing, and sales strategies. Big data can also help the retailer to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. Big data is a cloud service that does not require a large investment in human capital, as the cloud provider can offer scalable, flexible, and secure solutions that can handle the complexity and volume of data. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives1, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 5: Cloud Native Applications and Cloud Data Analytics2, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+: Cloud Native Apps and Cloud Data Analytics3

• Question 184:

  Which of the following is an example of outsourcing administration in the context of the cloud?

  A. Managed services

  B. Audit by a third party

  C. Community support

  D. Premium support

  Correct Answer: A

  Managed services are a type of outsourcing administration in the context of the cloud, where a third-party provider takes over the responsibility of managing and operating cloud services on behalf of the customer. Managed services can include various functions such as maintenance, monitoring, security, backup, recovery, and support. Managed services can help customers to reduce costs, improve performance, enhance security, and focus on their core business. Managed services are different from other types of support, such as audit, community, or premium support, which do not involve the transfer of control or ownership of cloud services to a third-party provider. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives1, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments2, Outsourcing Cloud Administration

• Question 185:

  A Chief Information Officer is starting a cloud migration plan for the next three years of growth and requires an understanding of IT initiatives. Which of the following will assist in the assessment?

  A. Technical gap analysis

  B. Cloud architecture diagram review

  C. Current and future business requirements

  D. Feasibility study

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: A Chief Information Officer (CIO) who is starting a cloud migration plan for the next three years of growth and requires an understanding of IT initiatives should consider the current and future business requirements as a key factor in the assessment. Current and future business requirements are the needs and expectations of the organization and its stakeholders regarding the IT systems and services that support the business goals and processes. These requirements may include functional, non-functional, technical, operational, financial, regulatory, and strategic aspects of the IT systems and services. Understanding the current and future business requirements can help the CIO to: Align the cloud migration plan with the business vision, mission, and objectives Identify the benefits and challenges of migrating to the cloud Evaluate the feasibility and suitability of different cloud service models and deployment options Determine the scope, priority, and timeline of the cloud migration projects Estimate the costs and risks involved in the cloud migration Define the success criteria and key performance indicators for the cloud migration Communicate and collaborate with the business stakeholders and the cloud providers A technical gap analysis, a cloud architecture diagram review, and a feasibility study are also important steps in the cloud migration assessment, but they are not as comprehensive as the current and future business requirements. A technical gap analysis is a process of comparing the current state of the IT systems and services with the desired state in the cloud, and identifying the gaps or differences between them. A technical gap analysis can help the CIO to understand the compatibility, performance, and integration issues that may arise during the cloud migration, and to plan the necessary changes or improvements to address them. A cloud architecture diagram review is a process of examining the design and structure of the cloud environment, and how the IT systems and services will be deployed, configured, and managed in the cloud. A cloud architecture diagram review can help the CIO to ensure that the cloud environment meets the technical, functional, and non- functional requirements of the IT systems and services, and that it follows the best practices and standards of the cloud provider. A feasibility study is a process of evaluating the technical, financial, operational, and organizational aspects of moving from on- premises IT systems and services to cloud-based alternatives. A feasibility study can help the CIO to determine the viability and desirability of the cloud migration, and to weigh the pros and cons of different cloud migration approaches. References: Cloud Migration Checklist: 17 Steps to Future-Proof Your Business, 17 Steps to a Successful Cloud Migration. What business needs to know before a cloud migration - PwC, 4 Considerations for your Business Needs. Planning for a successful cloud migration | Google Cloud Blog, For each application that you want to move, the migration factory approach takes an end-to-end view of the project, including. Assess workloads and validate assumptions before migration, As a result, before migrating a workload to the cloud it's critical to assess the individual assets associated with that workload for their migration suitability. Migration environment planning checklist - Cloud Adoption Framework ..., As an initial step in the migration process, you need to create the right environment in the cloud to receive, host, and support migrating assets. Navigating Success: The Crucial Role of Feasibility Studies in SAP ..., In the context of SAP cloud migration, a feasibility study is a comprehensive assessment that evaluates the technical, financial, operational, and organizational aspects of moving from on-premises SAP solutions to cloud-based alternatives.

• Question 186:

  Which of the following policies is MOST critical for being in compliance with regulatory agencies?

  A. Incident response

  B. Communication

  C. Department-specific

  D. Change management

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Incident response is the policy that defines how an organization responds to a security breach or cyberattack that affects its data, systems, or operations. It is most critical for being in compliance with regulatory agencies because it helps to minimize the impact of the incident, preserve the evidence, and restore the normal operations as soon as possible. Regulatory agencies often require organizations to report any incidents that compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the data they handle, especially if it involves personal or sensitive information. Failure to comply with these reporting obligations can result in fines, penalties, or legal actions. Therefore, having an effective incident response policy is essential for ensuring compliance and protecting the reputation of the organization123. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (LO-002), Chapter 3: Security in the Cloud, pages 75-76.

• Question 187:

  A web developer configured an application to have a local user database option to ensure the application can still be used if the corporate directory is not responsive to login requests. Which of the following security concepts BEST describes having this second database?

  A. Access

  B. Authorization

  C. Auditing

  D. Availability

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: Availability is one of the three basic functions of security management that are present in all systems. Availability is the assertion that a computer system is available or accessible by an authorized user whenever it is needed. Systems have high order of availability to ensure that the system operates as expected when needed1. Availability provides building of fault tolerance system in the products. It also ensures the backup processing by including hot and cold sites in the disaster recovery planning1. Having a local user database option to ensure the application can still be used if the corporate directory is not responsive to login requests is an example of availability, as it ensures that the users can access the application even if the primary authentication service is unavailable. This is a form of backup processing that provides an alternative means of accessing the application in case of a failure or outage. Having a local user database option does not affect the access, authorization, or auditing of the application, as these are related to the identification, verification, and monitoring of the users, not the availability of the application. References: Availability in Information Security - GeeksforGeeks; 5 Security Concepts Every Developer Should Understand; The 7 Basic Principles of IT Security - Techopedia.

• Question 188:

  A cloud systems administrator needs to migrate several corporate applications to a public cloud provider and decommission the internal hosting environment. This migration must be completed by the end of the month. Because these applications are internally developed to meet specific business accounting needs, the administrator cannot use an alternative application.

  Which of the following BEST describes the approach the administrator should use?

  A. Hybrid deployment

  B. Phased migration

  C. Lift and shift

  D. Rip and replace

  Correct Answer: C

  Explanation: Lift and shift is a cloud migration strategy that involves moving an application or workload from one environment to another without making significant changes to its architecture, configuration, or code. This approach is suitable for applications that are not cloud-native, have complex dependencies, or have tight deadlines for migration. Lift and shift can help reduce the cost and risk of maintaining legacy infrastructure, improve scalability and availability, and leverage cloud services and features12. Hybrid deployment is a cloud deployment model that involves using both public and private cloud resources to deliver services and applications. This approach is suitable for applications that have varying performance, security, or compliance requirements, or that need to integrate with existing on-premises systems. Hybrid deployment can help optimize the use of resources, increase flexibility and agility, and balance trade-offs between cost and control34. Phased migration is a cloud migration strategy that involves moving an application or workload from one environment to another in stages or increments. This approach is suitable for applications that have modular components, low interdependencies, or high complexity. Phased migration can help reduce the impact of migration on business operations, test the functionality and performance of each component, and address any issues or challenges along the way . Rip and replace is a cloud migration strategy that involves discarding an application or workload from one environment and replacing it with a new one in another environment. This approach is suitable for applications that are outdated, incompatible, or inefficient, or that have high maintenance costs. Rip and replace can help modernize the application architecture, design, and code, improve the user experience and functionality, and take advantage of cloud-native features and services . References: [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], Chapter 3: Management and Technical Operations, Section 3.3: Cloud Migration, p. 123-125 [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], Chapter 5: Deploying a Cloud Solution, Section 5.2: Cloud Migration, p. 241-244 [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], Chapter 1: Cloud Concepts, Section 1.3: Cloud Deployment Models, p. 25-28 [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], Chapter 1: Cloud Architecture and Design, Section 1.2: Cloud Deployment Models, p. 19-22 [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], Chapter 3: Management and Technical Operations, Section 3.3: Cloud Migration, p. 125-126 [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], Chapter 5: Deploying a Cloud Solution, Section 5.2: Cloud Migration, p. 244-245 [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], Chapter 3: Management and Technical Operations, Section 3.3: Cloud Migration, p. 126-127 [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], Chapter 5: Deploying a Cloud Solution, Section 5.2: Cloud Migration, p. 245-246 [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], ISBN: 978-1-119-64768-9, Publisher: Wiley [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], ISBN: 978-1-119-64767-2, Publisher: Wiley

• Question 189:

  A company wants to deploy an application in a public cloud. Which of the following service models gives the MOST responsibility to the provider?

  A. PaaS

  B. IaaS

  C. BPaaS

  D. SaaS

  Correct Answer: D

  Explanation: SaaS stands for Software as a Service, which is a cloud service model that gives the most responsibility to the provider. In SaaS, the provider delivers the entire software application to the customer over the internet, without requiring any installation, configuration, or maintenance on the customer's side. The customer only needs a web browser or a thin client to access the software, which is hosted and managed by the provider. The provider is responsible for the security, availability, performance, and updates of the software, as well as the underlying infrastructure, platform, and middleware. The customer has no control over the software, except for some limited customization and configuration options. The customer pays for the software usage, usually on a subscription or pay-per-use basis. SaaS is different from other service models, such as PaaS, IaaS, or BPaaS. PaaS stands for Platform as a Service, which is a cloud service model that provides the customer with a platform to develop, run, and manage applications without worrying about the infrastructure. The provider is responsible for the infrastructure, operating system, middleware, and runtime environment, while the customer is responsible for the application code, data, and configuration. IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service, which is a cloud service model that provides the customer with the basic computing resources, such as servers, storage, network, and virtualization. The provider is responsible for the physical infrastructure, while the customer is responsible for the operating system, middleware, runtime, application, and data. BPaaS stands for Business Process as a Service, which is a cloud service model that provides the customer with a complete business process, such as payroll, accounting, or human resources. The provider is responsible for the software, platform, and infrastructure that support the business process, while the customer is responsible for the input and output of the process. References: Cloud Service Models - CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ (CLO-002) Cert Guide, What is SaaS? Software as a service explained | InfoWorld, What is SaaS? Software as a Service Explained - Salesforce.com, What is SaaS? Software as a Service Definition - AWS

• Question 190:

  Which of the following security concerns is BEST addressed by moving systems to the cloud?

  A. Availability

  B. Authentication

  C. Confidentiality

  D. Integrity

  Correct Answer: A

  Explanation: Availability is the security concern that is best addressed by moving systems to the cloud. Availability refers to the ability of a system or service to be accessible and functional when needed by authorized users. Availability is one of the key benefits of cloud computing, as it provides high reliability, scalability, and performance for the cloud systems and services. Cloud providers use various techniques and technologies to ensure availability, such as: Redundancy: Cloud providers replicate the data and resources across multiple locations, such as regions, zones, or data centers, to prevent single points of failure and provide backup and failover capabilities in case of disasters or disruptions. Load balancing: Cloud providers distribute the workload and traffic among multiple servers or instances to optimize the resource utilization and performance of the cloud systems and services. Auto-scaling: Cloud providers automatically adjust the amount of resources allocated to the cloud systems and services based on the demand or usage, to prevent overloading or underutilizing the resources and ensure consistent availability. Monitoring and recovery: Cloud providers continuously monitor the health and status of the cloud systems and services, and provide alerts and notifications in case of any issues or incidents. Cloud providers also provide tools and methods to recover the cloud systems and services from failures or errors, such as snapshots, backups, or restore points. Availability is different from other security concerns, such as authentication, confidentiality, or integrity. Authentication is the process of verifying the identity and credentials of a user or system before granting access to the cloud systems and services. Confidentiality is the process of protecting the data and information from unauthorized access or disclosure, such as by using encryption, access control, or data masking. Integrity is the process of ensuring the data and information are accurate, complete, and consistent, and have not been modified or corrupted by unauthorized or malicious parties, such as by using hashing, digital signatures, or checksums. References: Cloud Computing Availability - CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ (CLO-002) Cert Guide, Cloud Security ?Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure infrastructure availability - Azure security | Microsoft Learn, What is Cloud Security? Cloud Security Defined | IBM